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use position message types as commanded by control codes in TCS (3.1.2.6.1.4.1 f)). After time-out of the TCS
commands, control of airbome/surface determination shall revert to the means described above.
Note.- Extended squitter ground stations determine aircrufr airborne or suq5ace status by monitoring aircraft position,
altitude and ground speed. Aircrafr determined to be on the ground that are not reporting the suflace position message
type will be comzandsd to report the sulIface format via TCS (3.1.2.6.1.4.1 f)). The normal return to the airborne position
message type is via a ground command to report the airborne message type. To guard against loss of communications after
take-off; commands to report the surface position message type automatically time-out.
3.1.2.8.6.8 Squitrer status reporting. A GICB request (3.1.2.6.1 1.2) containing RR equals 16 and DI equals 7 and
RRS equals 7 shall cause the resulting reply to contain the squitter status report in its MB field.
3.1.2.8.6.8.1 TRS, transmission rate subfield in MB. The transponder shall report the capability of the aircraft to
automatically determine its surface squitter rate and its current squitter rate in thls Zbit (33, 34) subfield of MB.
Coding
0 signifies no capability to automatically determine surface squitter rate
1 signifies that the high surface squitter rate has been selected
2 signifies that the low surface squitter rate has been selected
3 unassigned
Note 1.- High and low squitter rate is determined on board the aircraft.
Note 2.- The low mte is used when the aircraft is stationary and the high rate is used when the aircraft is moving.
For details of how "moving" is determined, see Table 2-7 in Annex 10, Volume III, Part I, Appendix 1 to Chapter 5.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications
3.1.2.8.6.8.2 ATS, altitude type subfield in ME?. The transponder shall report the type of altitude being provided in the
airborne position extended squitter in this 1-bit (35) subfield of MB when the reply contains the contents of transponder
register 07 {HEX}.
Coding
0 signifies that barometric altitude shall be reported in the ACS (3.1.2.8.6.3.1.2) of transponder
register 05 {HEX).
1 signifies that navigation-derived altitude shall be reported in the ACS (3.1.2.8.6.3.1.2) of
transponder register 05 {HEX}.
Note.- For details of the contents of transponder registers 05 (HEX} and 07 (HEX} see Anne>x 10, Volume lII, Pan I,
Appendix I to Chapter 5.
3.1.2.8.6.9 Sutface squitter rate control. Surface squitter rate shall be determined as follows:
a) once per second the contents of the TRS shall be read. If the value ol' TRS is 0 or 1, the transpunder shall transmit
surface squitters at the high rate. If the value of TRS is 2, the transponder shall transmit surface squitters at the low
rate;
b) the squitter rate determined via TRS shall be subject to being overridden by commands received via RCS
(3.1.2.6.1.4.1 f)). RCS code 1 shall cause the transponder to squitter at h e high rate for 60 seconds. RCS code 2
shall cause the transponder to squitter at the low rate for 60 seconds. These commands shall be able to be refreshed
for a new 60 second period before time-out of the prior period; and
c) after time-out and in the absence of RCS codes 1 and 2, control shall return to TRS.
3.1.2.8.6.10 Latitude/lon~gitmde coding using compact position reporting (CPR). Mode S extended squitter uses
compact position reporting (CPR) to encode latitude and longitude efficiently into messages. The method used to
encode/decode CPR shall comply with thc equations ill Annex 10, Volume In, Pan I, Appendix I to Chaptcr 5.
3.1.2.8.7 EXTENDED SQUITTER/NON TRANSPONDER ( E S N T ) , DOWNLINK FORMAT 18
Note.- This format supports the broadcast of extended squitter ADS-B messages by nun-transponder devices, i. e. they
are not incorporated into a Mode S transponder A separate format is used to clearly identify this non-transponder case
to prevent ACAS XI or extended squitter ground stations from attempting to interrogate these devices.
3.1.2.8.7.1 ESA'Tformat. The format used for ESNT shall be a 112-bit downlink format (DF = 18) containing the
following fields:
Field Reference
DF downlink format 3.1.2.3.2.1.2
CF control field 3.1.2.8.7.2
AA address, announced 3.1.2.5.2.2.2
ME message, extended squitter 3.1.2.8.6.2
PI paritylinterrogator identifier 3.1.2.3.2.1.4
The PI field shall be encoded with I1 or SI equal to zero.
3.1.2.8.7.2 Controlfleld. This 3-bit (6-8) downlink field in DF = 18 shall be used to define the format of the 112-bit
transmission.
Code 0 = ADS-B
Code 1 to 7 = Reserved
Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume ZV
3.1.2.8.7.3 ES/Nl' squitter types
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