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count, (n, > 2, nb > h,n, < 40), in which case a,i s
constrained to 0.5.
3.2.3.7 INTERFERENCE LIMITING
PROCEDURES
3.2.3.7.1 At the beginning of each surveillance update
interval, n,, nb and n, are to be determined as indicated above.
n, is then used to evaluate the current right-hand limits in
inequalities (1) and (3). Smoothed values of the Mode S
variables in the inequalities are also to be calculated.
Attachment Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications
nb and tt, are used to compute the value of al according to the
following expression:
nu and nb are used to compute the value of a a2 according to
the following expression:
In addition:
IF [(nb I 1) OR (nb > 4n,) OR (nb I 4 AND n, 5 2 AND
nu > 25)] THEN a, = 1 .O;
IF [(nb < 2n,) OR ((n, > 2) AND (nb > 2nc) AND (n, < 40)))
THEN = 0.5;
IF (nu > 25nb) THEN a2 = 1.0;
IF (nu < 5nb) THEN a2 = 0.5;
the value of cr is the minimum of al and M2.
3.2.3.7.2 All air-to-air coordination intemgations and RA
and ACAS broadcast interrogations are transmitted at full
power. Air-to-air coordination interrogations and RA and
ACAS broadcast interrogations are not included in the
summations of Mode S intemgations in the left-hand terms of
these inequalities. Whenever an RA is posted, surveillance
interrogations to that intruder may be transmitted at full power
to allow for maximum link reliability. Because the frequency
of RAs is vriy low, these transr~lissions do not result in a
measurable increase in interference.
3.2.3.7.3 If the smoothed value of the left-hand side of
either inequality (1) or (2) equals or exceeds the current limit
and own ACAS aircraft are operating below a pressure altitude
of 5 490 m (18 000 ft), both the Mode S and Mode AJC
surveillance parameters are to be modified to satisfy the
inequalities. If the left-hand side of inequality (3) exceeds the
current limit and own ACAS aircraft are operating below a
pressure altitude of 5 490 m (18 000 ft), Mode A/C
surveillar~cep ara1ncte1.s air: ~ ~ ~ o ~ l ilof iscauds fy ll~ien equalities.
3.2.3.7.4 Mode A/C surveillance can be modified by
sequentially eliminating steps from the whisper-shout
sequence described in 3.2.2. Each whisper-shout step is
uniquely associated with a receiver MTL setting. Thus, the
receiver sensitivity in Mode AIC surveillance periods will be
automatically tailored to match these power reductions. .
3.2.3.7.5 'l'he overall surveillance sensitivity for Mode S
targets can be rcduced by reducing the interrogation power and
by increasing the receiver MTL during all Mode S squitter
listening periods. This will indirectly reduce the Mode S
interrogation rate by reducing the target count. Many Mode S
interrogations are acquisition interrogations transmitted to
targets of unknown range. It is thus not effective to dircctly
control the Mode S interrogation rate simply by dropping
long-range targets from the track file.
3.2.3.7.6 For airborne ACAS, the Mode AIC and Mode S
surveillance power and sensitivity reductions are to be
accomplished such that equality between the surveillance
ranges for Mode S and Mode NC targets exists in the forward
beam. In order to provide a reliable 11.2 km (6 NM)
surveillance range in all directions for nh, the maximum
allowed interference limiting power reduction in any beam for
an airborne ACAS unit is 10 dB for Mode S and 7 dB for
Mode A/C. Mode AJC surveillance power and sensitivity
reductions for ACAS on the ground are to be accomplished
such as to achieve equal whisper-shout capability in each
beam. This requires that Mode A/C power and sensitivity
reduction be accomplished in the forward beam until it is
equivalent to the side beams and then in the forward and side
beams until they are equivalent to the rear beam. In order to
provide a reliable 5.6 krn (3 NM) surveillance range in all
directions for surveillance prior to departure, the maximum
allowed interference limiting power reduction for an ACAS
unit on the ground is as follows:
a) forward beam: 13 dB for Mode S and 10 dB for Mode
AIC;
b) side beam: 13 dB for Mode S and 6 dB for Mode AfC;
and
c) rear beam: 13 dB for Mode S and I dB for Mode A/C.
In addition, the Mode A/C and Mode S surveillan~ep ower illd
sensitivity reductions for ACASs that are airborne or on the
ground are to be accomplished such that the ACAS equipment
is not prematurely limited and has the capability of using at
least 75 per cent of the allowance specified in the three
limiting equations for all mixes of target types and for all
densities up to the maximum density capability of the system.
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