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b) the Mode A identity code (3.1.2.6.7.1);
C) the on-the-ground condition (3.1.2.6.5.1 and 3.1.2.8.2.1);
d) the aircraft identification if different from the registration marking (3.1.2.9.1.1); and
e) the SPI condition (3.1.2.6.10.1.3).
3.1.2.10.5.1.4 Inte$aces for variable direct data. A means shall be provided for the Mode A identity code, the SPI
condition and, for transponders of Level 2 and above, the aircraft identif cation to be inserted by the pilot via a vatiable
data interface.
Interfaces shall be included to accept the pressure altitude and on-the-ground coding.
Note.- A specific interface design for the variable direct data is not prescribed.
Chupter 3 Annex 10 - Aeromutical Telecommunications
3.1.2.10.5.2 Indirect data
Note.- Indirect data are those which pass through the transponder in either direction but which do not affect the
surveillance function.
If origins andlor destinations of indirect data are not within the transponder's enclosure, interfaces shall be used for the
necessary connections.
3.1.2.10.5.2.1 The function of intelfaces
Note.- Indirect data interfaces for standard transactions serve interrogations which require a reply and the broadcast
function. Indirect data interfaces for ELM serve that system and require bufJering and protocol circuity within the
transponder Intevace ports can be separate for each direction and for each service or can be combined in any manner
3.1.2.10.5.2.1.1 Uplink standard length transaction intevace. The uplink standard length transaction interface shall
transfer all bits of accepted interrogations, (with the possible exception of Lhe AP field), except for UF = 0, 11 or 16.
Note.- AP can also be transferred to aid in integrity implementation.
3.1.2.10.5.2.1.2 Downlink standard length transaction intelface. A transponder which transmits information
originating in n peripheral device shall be able to receive bits or bit patterns for insertion at appropriate locations within
the transmission. These locations shall not include those into which bit patterns generated internally by the transponder
are inserted, nor the AP field of the reply.
A transponder which transmits information using the Comm-B format shall have immediate access to requested data in
the sense that the transponder shall respond to an interrogation with data requested by that interrogation.
Note.- This requirement may be met in two ways:
a) the transponder may have provisions for internal data and protocol bufiring;
b) the transponder may employ a "real tim" interfuce which operates such that uplink data leave the transponder
before the corresponding reply is generated and downlink data enter the transponder in time to be incorporated in
the reply.
3.1.2.10.5.2.1.3 Extended length message interface
Note.- The ELM intelface extracts from, and enters into, the transponder the data exchanged between air and ground
by means of the ELM protocol (3.1.2.7).
3.1.2.10.5.2.2 Indirect data transaction rates
3.1.2.10.5.2.2.1 Standard length transactions. A transponder equipped for information transfer to and from external
devices shall be capable of processing the data of at least as many replies as prescribed for minimum reply rates in
3.1.2.10.3.7.2 and uplink data from interrogations being delivered at a rate of at least:
50 long interrogations in any 1-second interval
18 long interrogations in a 100-millisecond interval
8 long interrogations in a 25-millisecond interval
4 long interrogations in a 1.6-millisecond interval.
Note 1.- A transponder capable of reply rates higher than the rninim~lm of 3.1.2.10.3.7.2 need not accept long
interrogations after reaching the uplink data processing limits above.
Note 2.- The Mode S reply is the sole means of acknowledging receipt of the data content of a Mode S
interrogation. Thlu, if the transponder is capable of replying to an interrogation, the Mode S installation must be
capable o f accepting the data contained in that interrogation regardless of the timing hetwecn it and other accepted
Annex 10 - Aeronautical Telecommunications Volume ZV
interrogations. Overlapping Mode S beams from several interrogators could lead to the requirement for considerable
data processing and buffering. The minimum described here reduces data processing to a realistic level and the nonacceptance
provision provides for notification to the interrogator that data will temporarily not be accepted.
3.1.2.10.5.2.2.2 Extended length transactions. Level 3 (2.1.5.1.3) and level 4 (2.1 51.4) transponders shall be able to
transfer data from at least four complete sixteen segment uplink ELMs (3.1.2.7.4) in any four second interval. A level 5
transponder (2.1.5.1.5) shall be able to transfer the data from at least four complete sixteen segment uplink ELMS in any
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