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Figure G-3. AN/ALQ-144A(V)I CMS
i. M-130 General Purpose Dispenser. The M-130 dispenses chaff and flares. The system is operated manually or
automatically through interface with other countermeasure systems. The chaff provides protection against radar
directed antiaircraft weapon systems, while the flares provide protection against IR directed missile systems.
When dispensing chaff, the M-130 reduces or eliminates the enemy's ability to hit and destroy aircraft by use of
radar-controlled, antiaircraft weapons. When dispensing flares, the M-130 reduces or eliminates the enemy's
ability to hit and destroy aircraft by use of IR guided missiles. When the M-130 is set to dispense chaff, the
electronic control module must have the program setting installed prior to flight.
j. Tactical Operations Officer. For ASE to provide effective protection during a mission, configuration settings
must be optimized for the threats encountered. The TOO at the brigade and battalion staff will assist the S3
operations officer in mission planning for aircraft survivability during mission accomplishment. TOE place the
TOO in the aviation company as a CW3, in the battalion operations as a CW4 (CW5 at battalion for CH-47
Battalions), and in the brigade as a CW5. TOO is identified by the SQI I (such as 153BI). The ASE/EW officer is
FM 1-113 Appendix G
G-6
a CW2 in the aviation company. ASE/EW officer is identified by the ASI H3 (such as 153B0H3) ASE/EW officer
ensures optimum ASE configurations settings are prepared for each flight.
G-4. OPERATIONAL EMPLOYMENT CONSIDERATIONS
a. Aircraft survivability functions must be included throughout mission planning, rehearsal, execution, and
recovery operations. Mission planning begins with the receipt of the mission. It continues through mission
execution, including the after-action review. It is important to plan and implement aircraft survivability functions
when receiving the mission and enemy situation. Figure G-4 shows staff responsibilities for EW planning.
Legend: See the glossary for acronyms and abbreviations.
Figure G-4. Roles and functions
b. ASE and EW must be considered in all phases of mission planning. The level of planning involved is always
predicated on the time, information, and personnel available. OPLANs and OPORDs for military operations are
extensive in scope and contain information that serves as a baseline for most unit operations.
c. The generation of the OPORD begins upon receipt of the enemy and friendly situation, the mission, and the
commander's intent. Figure G-5 links EW planning with OPORD/FRAGO development. The EW annex (Figure
G-6) is created to support the OPORD or OPLAN, using this information. The enemy and friendly situations are
further defined with the emphasis on the EW capabilities of both, and their ability to find, fix, jam, deceive,
disrupt, or destroy each other. Once the situation is clearly defined, the mission is analyzed to evaluate the risk to
friendly forces, while accomplishing the mission within the prescribed guidelines. After the risk assessment is
complete, risk reduction techniques are specified in the execution instructions. These techniques may require the
commander's approval if the mission constraints need to be altered significantly from the original intent. The next
step is to determine service support for EW and the command and signal guidance necessary to accomplish the
EW phase of the mission.
FM 1-113 Appendix G
G-7
Legend: See the glossary for acronyms and abbreviations.
Figure G-5. OPORD and FRAGO
FM 1-113 Appendix G
G-8
Figure G-6. Suggested format for an EW annex to OPORD
Legend: See the glossary for acronyms and abbreviations.
Figure G-6. Suggested format for an EW annex to OPORD (concluded)
G-5. ELECTRONIC WARFARE RISK ASSESSMENT
a. To perform a thorough risk assessment, detailed information about threat system operating procedures, tactics,
system capabilities, and locations must be analyzed to determine the enemy's advantages or disadvantages in the
use of EW. The capabilities and limitations of friendly EW systems must be compared to the threats to assess the
level of risk associated with the mission. During mission planning, the following threats must be identified:
FM 1-113 Appendix G
G-9
l Operating frequencies of radar threats.
l RF threats that can, or cannot, be detected.
l RF threats that may be affected by radar jamming equipment.
l RF threats that can be decoyed.
l IR threats that may be encountered.
l IR threats that can be detected.
l IR threats that can be jammed or decoyed.
b. The threat systems should be prioritized and the ASE settings optimized for the highest priority threats.
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