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The number of selected LZs is based upon the ground scheme of maneuver and LZ availability. The aviation
planners advise the AATFC on LZ suitability. The considerations for selecting suitable landing zones are--
Location. The LZ must be located in an area that supports the ground tactical plan of the AATFC. It may be
located on the objective, close by, or at a distance. The factors of METT-T should be considered when
selecting LZs.
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Capacity. The selected LZ must be big enough to support the number of aircraft the AATFC requires on air
assault lifts.
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Enemy disposition and capabilities. The AMC must consider ADA locations and weapons ranges, and the
ability of the enemy to reposition ground forces to react to the air assault. LZ selection must involve the
AATF S3, the AMC, and the S2s from the AATF and aviation task force. S2s provide intelligence
information that will affect the selection of LZ locations.
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Unit tactical integrity. Squads must land intact in the LZ, and platoons must land in the same serial. This
ensures fighting unit integrity during the air assault.
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Supporting fires. LZs must be selected that are in the range of supporting fires (artillery, CAS, naval
gunfire).
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Obstacles. LZ selection must include existing obstacles on the LZ as well as reinforcing. LZs should be
selected that are beyond enemy obstacles.
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l Identification from the air. The LZ should be identifiable from the air if possible.
(2) Single or multiple landing zones. The decision to use a single or multiple LZs is based upon the ground
tactical plan and the AATFC's intent. However, there are advantages to using single or multiple LZs. The
single Lzs--
l Make controlling the operations easier.
l Require less planning and rehearsal time.
l Centralize any required resupply operations.
FM 1-113 Chapter 3
3-9
l Concentrate supporting fires on one location.
l Provide better security on subsequent lifts.
l Mass more combat power in a single location.
May make the detection of the air assault by enemy units more difficult because the air assault operation is
confined to a smaller area of the battlefield.
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The multiple LZs--
l Do not group the entire force in one location.
l Force the enemy to fight in multiple directions.
l Allow rapid dispersal of ground elements to accomplish tasks in separate areas.
l Make determining the size of the assault force difficult for the enemy.
(3) Air cavalry/attack helicopters in support of the landing plan. During the landing plan the air cavalry
and/or attack helicopters will provide overwatch of the LZs, conduct a reconnaissance of the egress flight
routes, call for fire (if designated to do so), and set up a screen for supporting the assault force commander
during the ground tactical plan. The AMC must be certain that the missions of the attack and cavalry aircraft
are synchronized with the assault helicopters.
c. Air Movement Plan. The air movement plan is based on the ground tactical and landing plan. It specifies the
schedule and provides the instructions for the movement of troops, equipment, and supplies from the PZ to the LZ.
It provides coordinating instructions regarding air routes, ACPs, aircraft speeds, altitudes, formations, and fire
support. The AATFC develops the air movement plan in conjunction with the AMC, LNO, and flight lead. The air
movement plan results in the production of the air movement table.
(1) Selection of flight routes is always based upon the factors of METT-T. The AATF staff and the AMC
consider the location of friendly troops, enemy disposition, air defense systems, terrain, and the locations of
the PZ and LZ to select the best flight route. Flight route selection should be accomplished by the AATF
staff, to include the S3 and S2, the AMC (or LNO), and flight lead. Selected flight routes should always be
laid over the enemy situational template produced by the S2 to ensure that a flight route is selected that best
avoids known or suspected enemy positions.
(2) The AATF staff and the AMC must select primary and alternate flight routes. Alternate flight routes are
selected to provide the assault force with a preplanned, precoordinated method of moving from the PZ to LZ
if the primary route becomes compromised.
(3) Flight routes that pass through adjacent unit sectors must be coordinated and approved by the adjacent
unit to avoid potential fratricide.
(4) When selecting flight routes, the AMC and AATF staff must consider the following factors:
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