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all help air assault planners determine the task force organization for combat. Emphasis is placed on--
Maximizing combat power in the assault to heighten surprise and shock effect. This is especially important if
the AATF plans to land on or near the objective.
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Ensuring that the task force inserts enough force to accomplish initial objectives quickly. AATFs must be
massed in the LZ and build up a significant combat power capability early to prevent being defeated by
repositioning mobile enemy forces.
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Ensuring the AATFC properly allocates his CS and CSS assets to sustain the task force until follow on forces
arrive.
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(2) Fire support. The AATFC must consider relocating artillery if the LZ is out of range of the supporting
artillery. Utility and cargo helicopters may be required to move the artillery. The amount of artillery
available to support the air assault and the location of supporting artillery units are critical factors in
determining the ground tactical plan and the subsequent plans of the air assault.
(3) Scheme of maneuver. The AATFC develops a scheme of maneuver to accomplish his mission and seize
assigned objectives. Development of the scheme of maneuver must be done prior to development of the air
assault. Occasionally the scheme of maneuver will be developed concurrently with the air assault. An
example of this is when there are limited LZs. In this case it may be necessary to plan the scheme of
maneuver around the landing plan. Scheme of maneuver development by the AATF headquarters will allow
subsequent planning phases of the air assault to be accomplished. Development of the AATF ground tactical
plan need not be complete to begin air assault mission planning. As a minimum, the AATFC must provide
the following information for the AATF and aviation staffs to begin the air assault planning process. The
ground scheme of maneuver must be known for air assault planning to begin. The AATF planners should not
wait for the completed assault force OPORD to begin planning. When the general scheme of maneuver is
approved by the assault force commander, the AATF staff and aviation units can begin air assault planning.
(4) Commander's intent. The AATFC must articulate early his intent for the air assault. Air assault planning
can often begin after the AATFC issues his intent, even though the ground tactical plan may not be complete.
The commander's intent for the air assault will allow the air assault planners to clearly understand the
FM 1-113 Chapter 3
3-8
method and end state and begin to piece together the subsequent plans. Commander's intent for the air assault
will include such things as whether the assault force will land on the objective or land near it and maneuver
to it. The commander's intent for the air assault may include surprise as a critical element, which leads to the
develop-ment of the fire support and SEAD plans. Intent will vary based on the factors of METT-T, but it is
critical that the AATF planners receive the commanders intent as soon as possible after the mission is
received.
(5) Air cavalry/attack helicopters in support of the ground tactical plan. Once the infantry is on the ground,
the air cavalry and/or attack helicopters may switch roles. The AATFC may designate that at this time C2 of
the security assets change from the AMC to the ground force commander. During the ground fight the air
cavalry and attack helicopters assist the assault force commander by providing reconnaissance in the vicinity
of the LZs, destroying repositioning forces, destroying counterattacking forces, and calling fire. The shift in
C2 from the AMC to the assault force commander is critical, and must be planned and rehearsed in detail. It
may occur that during an air assault with multiple lifts the cavalry and attack helicopters will support the air
assault and ground fight (some elements will provide reconnaissance and security for the air assault and
other elements will screen for the assault force). If this happens, synchronization of the attack and cavalry
assets must be precise and detailed to eliminate confusion and to ensure that the flow of the air assault is not
disrupted.
b. Landing Plan. The scheme of maneuver and ground tactical plan directly impacts on the selection of LZs,
landing formation, and amount of combat power that must be assaulted into the LZ. The landing plan must be
planned in conjunction with the development of the ground tactical plan. The landing plan must support the assault
force commander's intent and scheme of maneuver. The landing plan outlines the distribution, timing, and
sequencing of aircraft into the LZ.
(1) LZ selection. In coordination with the AMC and LNO, the AATFC selects primary and alternate LZs.
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