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support. However, during high tempo combat operations it may become necessary to reinforce the supporting
MEDEVAC unit. If the situation requires movement of a large number of casualties, or if the force
commander believes that reinforcing existing MEDEVAC assets is necessary, he may elect to use utility and
cargo helicopters to move casualties to a treatment center. This chapter discusses the use of utility and cargo
helicopters for CASEVAC.
a. Medical Evacuation. MEDEVAC is defined in FM 8-10-6 as the timely, efficient movement and en
route care by medical personnel of the wounded, injured, and ill persons, from the battlefield and other
locations to MTFs. The term MEDEVAC refers to both ground and air assets. Divisions are equipped
with both ground and air MEDEVAC assets.
b. Casualty Evacuation. CASEVAC is defined as movement of casualties to initial treatment facilities
and movement of casualties to MTFs in the combat zone. It does not include en route care by medical
personnel and implies that nonmedical assets (UH-60s or CH-47s) are being used to move casualties.
CASEVAC should only be used when the unit has a large number of casualties (exceeding the ability of
the MEDEVAC aircraft to carry) or MEDEVAC is not available.
c. Casualty Evacuation Support for Operations. Use of CASEVAC aircraft for combat operations will
be determined by the force commander. He should always request the use of MEDEVAC aircraft first.
If current MEDEVAC support is insufficient to meet his requirements for evacuation of casualties, he
should request CASEVAC support from the aviation brigade. If necessary, requests to use utility
helicopters for CASEVAC operations will be made through the division G3. MEDEVAC aircraft that
are DS to a division will receive their missions through the DMOC. The DMOC is responsible for
airspace control measures and mission planning for MEDEVAC assets. Utility and cargo aircraft
conducting CASEVAC support will not be controlled by the DMOC; however, coordination should be
made between the aviation brigade and the DMOC for deconfliction of aircraft evacuating casualties.
Normally, utility and cargo helicopters will be task organized in a DS role no lower than brigade level.
If task organized at division level, these assets will be under the control of the main support clearing
FM 1-113 Chapter 6
6-1
company, which locates in the division support area. If under the control of a brigade, the aircraft may
be under the control of either the FSMC or the FSB SPO. In either case, the ground commander
requesting CASEVAC support must understand that CASEVAC support provides transportation for
casualties and does not provide any care en route to the treatment facility.
d. Advantages of Using Utility and Cargo Aircraft in the Casualty Evacuation Role.
(1) The aircraft's speed and range make it possible to move casualties by air relatively long
distances in a short period of time.
(2) Helicopters can move patients quickly over rough terrain and get into areas inaccessible to
ground ambulances.
(3) Because of the range and speed, casualties can be transported to the MTF that can best deal
with the patient's condition.
(4) Utility and cargo aircraft can be diverted from other missions, making them available
immediately.
e. Disadvantages of Using Utility and Cargo Aircraft in the Casualty Evacuation Role.
(1) There is no en route medical care for casualties.
(2) Aircraft in the CASEVAC role are not protected under the Geneva Convention.
6-2. LEVELS OF CARE
There are four levels of treatment that have a direct impact on patients as they are treated and evacuated from
the FLOT to higher level care facilities. Utility helicopter assets can expect to transport patients between
levels I and II. Levels III and IV transport will most likely be accomplished by the corps air ambulance
company.
a. Level I. Care is provided by designated individuals or elements organic to combat and CS units.
Emphasis is placed on those measures necessary to stabilize the patient and evacuate to the next level of
care. Level I care includes individual care (self-aid, buddy aid, combat lifesaver) and battalion aid
station care.
b. Level II. Care is rendered at a medical clearing station. Here the casualty is examined and wounds
and status are evaluated to determine the treatment and evacuation precedence. Level II care includes
the brigade medical clearing company, the division medical company, and corps medical assets.
c. Level III. Care is rendered at a medical treatment facility staffed and equipped to provide
resuscitation, initial wound surgery, and post operative treatment. Level III care includes corps CSH,
contingency hospitals, fleet hospitals, and hospital ships.
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