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Leullier says that all A380 airplanes will
be equipped with Class 3 EFBs, and that
“the development/retrofi t has already begun
for the A320 family and A330/340
(Class 2/3).”
Defalque says that the number of EFBs
in commercial airplanes will continue
to increase, especially as more A350,
A380, B-777 and B-787 airplanes come
into service, and that eventually, all new
Western-built transport category aircraft
will be equipped with them.
Devices Could Prove
Central to Information
Management
In addition to current applications,
EFBs are designed to accommodate
new functions in the future. Possibilities
include airport familiarization to help
pilots operating at unfamiliar airports
10 FLIGHT SAFETY FOUNDATION • FLIGHT SAFETY DIGEST • JUNE 2005
‘ P A P E R L E S S C O C K P I T ’ P R O M I S E S A D V A N C E S
by providing photographs and other
relevant airport information; controllerpilot
data link communications; and
en route moving maps with own-ship
position.39
Divya C. Chandra, an aviation human
factors researcher at the Volpe center,
says that EFBs “could well play a central
role in the future of fl ight deck information
management. In the future, EFBs
may develop uses that we cannot even
foresee today.”40 ■
Notes
1. U.S. Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA). Advisory Circular (AC) 120-
76A, Guidelines for the Certifi cation,
Airworthiness and Operational Approval of
Electronic Flight Bag Computing Devices.
March 17, 2003.
2. European Joint Aviation Authorities
(JAA). Leafl et No. 36: Approval of
Electronic Flight Bags (EFBs). Oct. 10,
2004. Included in JAA Administrative
and Guidance Material. Section Four:
“Operations,” Part Three: “Temporary
Guidance Leafl ets” (Joint Aviation
Requirements — Operations).
3. Allen, David. “Electronic Flight Bag.” Aero
23. Issue 23 (July 2003).
4. Proulx, Jim. Telephone interview
by Werfelman, Linda. Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S., June 9, 2005. Flight Safety
Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.
5. Airbus. “Airbus Electronic Flight Bag.” The
Link (April 2005).
6. Fitzsimmons, Frederic S. The Electronic
Flight Bag: A Multi-Function Tool for the
Modern Cockpit. U.S. Air Force Academy,
Colorado, U.S.: Institute for Information
Technology Applications. August 2002.
7. Airbus.
8. Defalque, Henry. E-mail communication
with Werfelman, Linda. Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S., June 10, 2005. Flight Safety
Foundation, Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.
Capt. Defalque is assistant director of
fl ight operations at the International Air
Transport Association.
9. Proulx.
10. Croft, John. “Maintenance and the
Electronic Flight Bag.” Overhaul &
Maintenance Volume 10 (July–August
2004).
11. Ibid.
12. Proulx.
13. Barton, Frances. E-mail communication
with Werfelman, Linda. Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S.; June 8, 2005; June 9, 2005.
Flight Safety Foundation, Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S.
14. Airbus. Annual Review 2004.
<www.airbus.com>.
15. Yeh, Michelle; Chandra, Divya C.
Electronic Flight Bag (EFB): 2005 Industry
Review. Report no. DOT-VNTSC-FAA-05-
06. Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.: U.S.
Department of Transportation (DOT)
Volpe National Transportation Systems
Center. 2005.
16. Leullier, Jerome. E-mail communication
with Werfelman, Linda. June 17, 2005.
Flight Safety Foundation, Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S.
17. Massy-Greene, David; Johnson, Amy.
“Electronic Flight Bag.” In 100 Years
After Kitty Hawk … The Safety Challenge
Continues: Proceedings of the 56th annual
International Air Safety Seminar.
Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.: Flight Safety
Foundation, 2003.
18. Jeppesen. Electronic Flight Bag: Future
Applications. <www.jeppesen.com>.
19. Carey, Susan; Michaels, Daniel. “Laptops
Replace ‘Brain Bags’ in Some Airliners’
Cockpits.” Wall Street Journal, March 26,
2002.
20. Ibid.
21. Tremaud, Michel. E-mail communication
with Werfelman, Linda. June 21, 2005.
Flight Safety Foundation, Alexandria,
Virginia, U.S.
22. Allen.
23. International Civil Aviation Organization
(ICAO). International Standards and
Recommended Practices. Annex 6 to
the Convention on International Civil
Aviation: Operation of Aircraft. Chapter 13,
Security. 13.2, “Security of the Flight Crew
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