European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions(26)

IN CASE OF DOUBT: ASK.
All flight crew members must monitor the clearance for taxi, take-off and landing, and must be ”in the loop” at all times when runway operations are in progress.

2. Public Address announcements
Public Address welcome announcements by flight deck should be transferred from the taxi phase to a moment before engine start-up or push back. Safety reports show that Public Address announcements to passengers or commercial announcements are a direct source of error in many events. Also operational calls on the company frequency cause the other pilot to be isolated on the flight deck. These calls and announcements should, if at all possible, be avoided while taxiing and above all when approaching the active runway.
If you need to leave the ATC frequency, then notify your other flight crew members. Afterwards, be briefed by the other crew member on what you have missed.

Taxi Best Practices
1.  
Only one pilot can control the aircraft during taxi. However, as in flight, the pilot not in control of the aircraft has the important task of monitoring the taxi and assisting his colleague.

2.  
Cancel check list activity when crossing and entering runways. Maintain full concentration of all flight crew members on the runway traffic situation.

3.  
Never cross red stop bars when lining up or crossing a runway, unless in exceptional cases where the stop-bars, lights or controls are reported to be unserviceable, or some other plausible explanation is received, and a clear, unambiguous and pos-itive clearance has been given to cross the red stop bars.

4.  
When entering any runway, check for traffic (left and right) using all available surveillance means e.g. all eyes in the flight deck, radar etc.

5.  
When cleared to line up and/or when crossing any runway, position the aircraft in a right angle with the runway where possible, in order to better observe the other traffic, both arriving and departing.

6.  
Do not rush. The higher your ground speed, the less time you have to react, manoeuvre the plane and avoid an obstacle. High speed also results in greater distance and time required to bring the plane to a complete stop. Time can be your ally and your enemy; use it wisely. Taxi defensively, this is being prepared for others mistakes.

7.  
When you receive a clearance to taxi to a point beyond a runway, this clearance does not automatically include the authori-sation to cross that runway. Each taxi clearance beyond a runway shall contain an explicit clearance to cross the runway or an instruction to hold short of that runway.

8.  
Adopt the sterile flight deck concept whilst taxiing. During movement of the aircraft the flight crew must be able to focus on their duties without being distracted by non-flight related matters. Ensure cabin crew are aware of this requirement if it is not a Standard Operating Procedure. The following definition of a ‘Sterile Flight Deck’ is offered as a reference:
　
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