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GMTI data. This extension is unique but was developed to enhance interoperability through the use of an
existing standard and applications. The extension is based on the GMTI STANAG 4607.
It should be noted that both NITF and NSIF are being migrated to a common international standard.
ISO/IEC 12087-5, the basic image interchange format (BIIF) was created as a superset of NITF/NSIF.
NATO has developed a profile of BIIF that matches the current requirements identified in NITF/NSIF
and the profile has been ratified and published by ISO.
All UA systems supporting still imagery (EO/IR/MSI/HSI/radar) will comply with the most recent
version of NITF/NSIF.
UAS ROADMAP 2005
APPENDIX E – INTEROPERABILITY STANDARDS
Page E-10
STANAG 4559 (Standard Image Library Interface)
This standard establishes the requirements for interfacing to heterogeneous imagery libraries. Image
Libraries supporting NATO will provide imagery, geospatial information, and product storage
mechanisms, which allow users to determine the availability of data and products, and provide the tools to
access and retrieve them in a timely manner. A standard interface will enable users to quickly find an
image, or information needed to conduct rapid operational missions. Image libraries and the NSIL
Interface are envisioned as an augmentation to existing RFI procedures and not as a replacement. There
may exist policies (Host Nation) or security and operational restrictions that impose limits on user access.
However, technical interfaces will support all authorized users with access to imagery information. The
overall goal is for intelligence analysts, imagery analysts, cartographers, mission planners, simulations
and operational users, from NATO countries, to have access, from a single workstation, to needed
information in a timely manner.
STANAG 4607 (Ground Moving Target Indicator Format)
The GMTI standard defines the data content and format for the products of ground moving target
indicator radar systems. It also provides the mechanism to relay tasking requests back to the sensor
system. The format is scalable to allow all types of radar systems to use the format and tailor the data
flow to the capabilities of the sensor and the available communications channels. Smaller systems can use
the basic capabilities of the format to transmit only moving target reports. Larger, more capable systems
can use the same format for the moving target reports, and also provide high range resolution data, and
other products of extended processing of the radar returns. The format is also designed to be encapsulated
in either STANAG 4545 or STANAG 7023 data files, allowing users with multiple data types to use the
GMTI format for the GMTI data, and the other STANAGs for imagery, graphics, and/or text data, all
within a common data stream.
STANAG 4609 (Digital Motion Imagery Format)
In 1998, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) chartered the Motion Imagery Standards
Board (MISB) to develop a motion imagery standards profile (MISP). The current version is MISP 2.0a.
This standard is completely based on commercial standards, specifically MPEG-2. Instead of having to
depend on government-sponsored developments for motion imagery processing, this standard promotes
the use of commercial applications and hardware. In addition, in 2001 NIMA also began to lead the
STANAG process to develop a NATO digital motion imagery STANAG. The MISP serves as the master
baseline standards document. STANAG 4609 has been specifically based on MISP2.0a to facilitate
NATO acceptance of motion imagery standards. STANAG 4609 will replace MISP 2.0a as the operative
digital motion imagery standard for the U.S. Currently MISP2.0a mandates the migration and
development of video systems to a fully digital format typically referred to as HDTV.
STANAG 7023 (Primary Image Format)
STANAG 7023 is the NATO primary image format. This format is intended for applications that require
real-time recording or data link transmission of sensor data with little or no processing. STANAG 7023
was initiated by the U.S. as the format for the ATARS program. As the ATARS program was redirected,
the format was changed, and U.S. interest in STANAG 7023 disappeared. However, many NATO nations
(particularly the UK, France, Germany, and Denmark) have developed systems that implement the
format. In order for U.S. ground systems to be interoperable with the NATO systems, the U.S. will have
to implement the format for exploitation. In addition, it may be desirable to use this format in those
applications where size, weight, and power (SWAP) constraints preclude on-board processing of sensor
data into NITF/NSIF formatted files.
Other Data Types
Adoption of the following three STANAGS, 3809, 5500, and 7074, is mandatory for the success of UA
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