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those of manned counterparts (i.e., aircraft, light-sport aircraft, and radio-controlled model
aircraft) (OSD)
• developing and fielding the capability for UA to “see” and autonomously avoid other aircraft,
providing an equivalent level of safety to comparable manned systems (USAF, USA, USN,
USMC)
5. Improve Combatant Commander UAS effectiveness through improved joint service collaboration.
(OSD, JFCOM, USAF, USA, USN, USMC)
6. Develop and field reliable propulsion alternatives to gasoline-powered internal combustion engines
on UA, specifically their replacement with heavy fuel engines. (OSD, USAF, USA, USN, USMC)
7. Improve adverse-weather UA capabilities to provide higher mission availability and mission
effectiveness rates. (OSD, USAF, USA, USN, USMC)
8. Ensure standardized and protected positive control of weapons carried on UA. Develop a standard
UAS architecture including weapons interface for all appropriate UA. (OSD, USAF, USA, USN,
USMC)
9. Support rapid integration of validated combat capability in fielded/deployed systems through a more
flexible test and logistical support process. (OSD, JFCOM, USAF, USA, USN, USMC)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – Page ii
UAS ROADMAP 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS – Page iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 PURPOSE .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 SCOPE .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 WHY UNMANNED AIRCRAFT? ......................................................................................... 1
2.0 Current UAS........................................................................................................... 3
2.1 MAJOR UAS .................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 CONCEPT EXPLORATION UAS ....................................................................................... 15
2.3 SPECIAL OPERATIONS UAS ........................................................................................... 20
2.4 SMALL UAS................................................................................................................... 26
2.5 UNMANNED AIRSHIPS .................................................................................................... 32
2.6 UAS PROGRAMMATIC DATA ......................................................................................... 37
2.7 UASWORLDWIDE GROWTH.......................................................................................... 38
3.0 Requirements........................................................................................................ 41
3.1 HISTORICALLY VALIDATED UAS ROLES ....................................................................... 41
3.2 COMBATANT COMMANDER REQUIREMENTS FOR UAS.................................................. 41
3.3 MISSION REQUIREMENTS RANKED FOR UAS................................................................. 42
3.4 MISSION AREAS OPEN TO UAS ..................................................................................... 43
3.5 INTEROPERABILITY ........................................................................................................ 45
4.0 Technologies ......................................................................................................... 47
4.1 PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGIES........................................................................................... 48
4.2 COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES................................................................................. 49
4.3 PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES............................................................................................ 51
4.4 PAYLOAD TECHNOLOGIES.............................................................................................. 56
5.0 Operations ............................................................................................................ 63
5.1 TRAINING....................................................................................................................... 63
5.2 OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS DEVELOPMENT—PARTICIPATING AGENCIES ........................ 64
5.3 OPERATIONS .................................................................................................................. 67
5.4 WEAPON DELIVERY....................................................................................................... 69
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unmanned aircraft systems roadmap(2)
