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manned aircraft and ground sensor networks in selected DHS environments. In performing this analysis,
45 functional capabilities that DHS/BTS is required to perform were examined in the nine environments
in which DHS operates; UA were assessed to be potential contributors in ten of the 45 capabilities (see
Table I-1).
TABLE I-1. DHS/BTS CAPABILITY REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO UA.
Functional Area Functional Capability for UA
Surveillance and Monitoring Visual Monitoring
Non-Visual Monitoring
Suspect/Item Geolocation
Communications Interception
Communications and Information Mgmt Tactical Situational Awareness
Apprehension/Detection/Seizure/Removal Pursuit management and Prevention
Targeting and Intelligence Intelligence Support to Command
Deterrence Visible Security Systems
Specialized Enforcement Operations
Officer Safety Use of Safety and Emergency Equipment
In addition to Operation Safeguard, DHS organizations have conducted a number of other demonstrations
using UA in different roles and environments (see Table I-2). These demonstrations have built on
previous experiences with UA learned by DHS’ legacy organizations over the past decade (see Figure I-
1). Collectively, these demonstrations have served to educate DHS on the strengths and limitations of
UA and support its decision to focus efforts on a Homeland Security UAV (HSUAV), a medium/high
altitude endurance UA capable of supporting multiple DHS organizations across a variety of applications
and environments. Although the concept for its operation is still being developed, HSUAV will likely be
embedded in one of the aviation-using elements of DHS, who will assume responsibility for operating
and maintaining it. The primary aviation-using organizations within DHS are the Coast Guard, Customs
and Border Protection (CBP), and Counter Narcotics Office, who together operate a mixed fleet of some
170 fixed-wing aircraft and 240 helicopters. The air assets of Immigration and Customs Enforcement
(ICE) were combined under CBP in November 2004.
UAS ROADMAP 2005
APPENDIX I – HOMELAND SECURITY
Page I-2
TABLE I-2. PAST AND PLANNED DHS-SPONSORED UA DEMONSTRATIONS.
Demonstration Location UA Used Sponsor
(Support)
Dates Sorties
Flown
Hours
Flown
Operation
Safeguard
Gila Bend, AZ Predator B ICE
(Air Force)
03 15 106
Alaska Demo
Phase 1
King Salmon,
AK
Predator USCG
(Navy)
Nov 03 5 35
Alaska Demo
Phase 2
King Salmon,
AK
Altair USCG
(NASA)
Aug 04 3 36
Wallops Is, VA Aerosonde USCG
(NASA)
Ongoing Ongoing
ABCI Sierra Vista, AZ Hermes 450 CBP
(Navy)
Jun-Sep
04
65 590.1
ABCI
Follow-on
Sierra Vista, AZ Hunter CBP (Army) Nov 04-
Jan 05
41 329.1
Northern Border
Eval
Grand Forks,
ND
Altair CBP Winter 05 TBD TBD
Alaska Demo
Phase 3
King salmon,
AK
Altair USCG
(NOAA)
Summer
05
TBD TBD
Coastal Areas Raimey, PR TBD CBP Summer
05
TBD TBD
2000 2010 2020
USBP/TEXAS
JTF-6 (UP TO 4 DEPLOYMENTS/YR)
ICE/ARIZONA (OP SAFEGUARD)
CBP/ARIZONA (ABCI)
USCG/MARYLAND/TEXAS/ALASKA
USCG/EAGLE EYE
USCG/GLOBAL HAWK
CBP/HSUAV
FIGURE I-1. UA ACTIVITIES AND PROGRAMS IN SUPPORT OF HOMELAND SECURITY.
COAST GUARD
Coast Guard acquisition plans for UA were in place prior to the formation of DHS as part of its
Deepwater recapitalization program. Deepwater calls for acquiring 69 Bell Textron Eagle Eye ship-based
tiltrotor UA starting in 2006 and leasing up to seven land-based Global Hawks in 2016. The Coast Guard
began conducting a series of experiments in 1999 that have involved small (30-pound Aerosonde) to large
(7,000-pound Altair) UA operating from vessels and from land (see Figure I-1 and Table I-1). These
experiments have been helpful in defining concepts of operation for employing future UA and their
sensors in roles varying from port security to open ocean fisheries protection and in environments from
the Gulf coast to Alaska.
UAS ROADMAP 2005
APPENDIX I – HOMELAND SECURITY
Page I-3
CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION
The CBP has been gaining experience with UA since the 1990s through cooperative use of Navy and
Marine Corps Pioneers, and Army Hunters, during their units’ deployments in support of JTF-6. These 2-
week-long deployments have occurred one or more times annually to provide added night surveillance
capability along the U.S. southern and northern borders. CBP officers have been integrated into these
operations, with a CBP officer sitting in the UA GCS during missions and directing agents to activities
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