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3.5.3 Permanently Displaced Threshold.“Piano key” markings
displaced from the runway end indicate that the normal approach
is obstructed by a permanent obstacle, or that a permanent
hazardous surface condition exists near the end of the runway.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
AD (AERODROMES) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
Commencement of LDA and TODA
60M
Figure 4 Permanent Threshold Marking
This section of runway available for all
operations except landing in direction
indicated
Runway threshold marking
Commencement of TODA
Permanent
obstacle
60M
Commencement of LDA
Figure 5 Permanently Displaced Threshold Marking
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
AD (AERODROMES) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
3.5.4 Temporarily Displaced Threshold Markers & Markings. When
a threshold is temporarily displaced it will be shown either by lights
or by the following:
a. a series of inverted “V” markings (white) painted across the
runway (Figure 6); or
b. one, or two, Vee-Bar markers (white) situated on both sides of
the runway (Figure 8); or
c. at military controlled aerodromes, for periods of short duration,
when military operational requirements dictate, four white
cones situated on both sides of the runway.
Note: Strobe lights may be used instead of Vee-Bar markers.
Permanent “piano key” and runway designation number markings
will be obliterated where the duration of the temporary
displacement exceeds 30 days; however, for shorter periods all
existing runway markings remain.
3.5.5 Other markers or markings which may be associated with
temporarily displaced thresholds are:
a. unserviceable cone markers (white and red) which, when
placed across a runway between the permanent and
temporary threshold markings, denote the start of the take-off
run available;
b. road safety cones or “witches hats” (orange) which, when
placed across the full width of the runway strip, denote the
manoeuvring limits for plant and equipment involved in works;
c. unserviceable cross markers (white), which indicate any part of
the movement area not available for operations;
d. centreline arrows (white) to draw the pilot’s attention to the
displaced threshold. Unless otherwise indicated by
unserviceable markings, the length of a runway containing
centreline arrows is available for take-off in the direction of the
arrows (see diagram) and for both take-off and landing in the
other direction.
Note: Relevant NOTAM advice is provided on the length of the
displacement, anticipated duration and type of temporary
threshold provided.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
AD (AERODROMES) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
Piano key and runway
designation number
markings obliterated
Temporarily
displaced
threshold marking
(white)
Commencement of LDA
Commencement of TODA
60M
Arrows leading to
displaced
threshold ( white )
Temporarily relocated
runway designation
marking (white)
Figure 6 – Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to
obstacle infringement of the approach path for a period in
excess of 30 days.
Piano key, runway designation
number and portion of runway
edge marking obliterated
Works limit
markers
(orange)
Unserviceability markers (red and white)
Temporarily
displaced
threshold markers
(white)
Temporarily
relocated runway
designation marking
(white)
Works
area
Unserviceability
markers
Arrows
leading to
displaced
threshold
(white)
Commencem
ent of TODA
Commencem
ent of LDA
Figure 7 – Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to
works on a runway for periods in excess of 30 days.
GEN TOC ENR TOC AD TOC Index
AD (AERODROMES) A/L 45 effective 24 NOV 05
Temporarily displaced
threshold markers
(white)
Note: Where runway
is not used for RPT
services only one VEE
need be provided on
each side of the
runway.
Commencement of LDA
Commencement of TODA
60M
Figure 8 – Markings for a temporarily displaced threshold due to
obstacle infringement of approach surface for a period of 30
days or less.
Unserviceability markers
Works limit
markers
( orange )
Unserviceability
markers ( Red
and White )
Temporarily displaced
threshold markers
(White)
Works area
Commenceme
nt of TODA
Commenceme
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