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000 feet PA, and for the whole
time over 30 minutes between
10-13,000 feet.
· all passengers when above 13
000 feet PA, for one hour or the
duration of the flight, whichever
is greater.
· 10% of passengers (minimum 1)
after 30 mins between 10-13000
ft PA, for the whole time over
30 minutes.
When cabin crew is required, you
must also have a dedicated supply of
therapeutic oxygen for 1% of the
passengers or one person, whichever
is greater. In the USA, altitude limits
appear to be between 12,500-14,000
feet. Above 15,000, each occupant
must have oxygen.
Pressurised Aeroplanes
Defined as those operating above 10
000 feet PA, but maintaining cabin
pressure altitudes below that.
Flight Crew
Each member of the flight crew shall
have:
Operational Procedures 135
· an oxygen mask within
immediate reach, which may be
the same one as above,
excluding the portable
apparatus. When above 25 000
feet, the mask must be a quick
donning type.
· when cabin pressure fails,
oxygen for the time the cabin
altitude exceeds 10 000 feet,
with a minimum of 30 minutes
for aircraft below 25 000', and 2
hours for those above.
· essential flight crew members
must use oxygen continuously
after 30 minutes at a cabin PA
over 10 000 feet, and at all times
over 13 000 feet
· when above FL 410, at least one
pilot must wear an oxygen mask
at all times, except on
supersonic aeroplanes.
Cabin Crew
When they are required, enough for
when you are over 13 000 feet, but
at least 30 mins between 10 000-13
000 feet, after the first 30 mins.
Passengers
The following must be available
below 25 000 feet:
· supply for all passengers for the
time above 15 000 feet, or 10
minutes, whichever is the
greater.
· supply for 30% of the
passengers for the time the
cabin altitude is between 14
000-15 000 feet.
· supply for 10% of the
passengers for the time the
cabin altitude is between 10
000-14 000 feet.
Crew Protective Breathing
Equipment – Pressurised
Aeroplanes
Flight Crew
Equipment must protect eyes, nose
and mouth and provide oxygen for
at least 15 minutes; if there is more
than one person and a cabin crew
member is not carried, a portable
protective breathing apparatus for
one member of the flight crew for at
least 15 minutes must also be
available on the flight deck and be
immediately accessible.
Cabin Crew
Portable protective breathing
equipment to protect the eyes, nose
and mouth of each cabin crew
member for at least 15 minutes, next
to each duty station. With a seating
capacity of seven or more
passengers, and if a hand fire
extinguisher is required in the cabin,
an additional portable protective
breathing apparatus must be carried,
and located at/or next to the fire
extinguisher except inside a cargo
compartment, when you can stick it
next to the entrance.
Performance
The take-off and landing phases are
the most critical, demanding the
highest skills from crews and placing
the most strain on the aircraft.
Because of this, strict regulations
govern the information used for
calculating take-off or landing
performance. Of course, in the old
days (say during the war, or when
the trains ran on time), having
enough engines to lift the load was
136 Operational Flying
all that mattered and no priority was
given to reserves of power and the
like. Now it's different, and
performance requirements will be
worked out before a C of A is
issued, over a wide range of
conditions. They are subsequently
incorporated in the Flight Manual,
which actually forms part of the C of
A. In addition, the ANO requires
you to ensure that your aircraft has
adequate performance for any
proposed flight.
Aircraft are certified in one of
several groups (A, A (Restricted), or
B for helicopters, or A B C D E or F
for aeroplanes); the higher the
performance of the aircraft, the
lower the alphabetical letter (a 737
comes under Performance A, for
instance, while anything up to 9 seats
that may require a forced landing
after engine failure will come under
F). Well, at least, that’s how the
ANO works. JAR does it differently
as we have already seen.
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