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2200-0559 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum FDP—Helicopters;
single pilot
Local start Max
FDP
Max Flying
0600-0659 9 6
0700-0759 10 7
0800-1359 10 7
1400-2159 9 6
2200-0559 8 5
FDPs for aeroplanes are more
flexible than for helicopters because
the latter involve relatively short
flights during which several sectors
are flown without stopping rotors,
giving you a high workload. In fact
(as you can see), in a helicopter,
there's a maximum number of hours
you can fly within any FDP, in view
of the lack of sector limits, and the
fact that 4 hours’ helicopter flying is
the equivalent of 8 hours’ hard
labour, and double that when longlining.
In Canada, that sort of
restriction seems to come with helilogging
or spraying.
Helicopter pilots doing repetitive
short sectors at an average rate of 10
or more landings per hour (e.g.
pleasure flying or load slinging)
should have a break of at least 30
minutes away from the aircraft
within any continuous period of 3
hours (you need it, too). After 3
hours' offshore shuttle operations in
conditions other than day VMC, you
40 Operational Flying
should get a 30 minute rest free of
all duty.
As the objective of these restrictions
is to ensure that you're adequately
rested at the beginning of each Flying
Duty Period, it follows that
flexibility should be applied at the
end. All FDP limits can be stretched
by Split Duties, In-flight Relief or
Extensions, which are described
below. Extensions can be used on
the day at your discretion, to cater
for unforeseen delays, etc., but the
others must be planned.
Discretion to Extend FDPs
There are always delays in aviation,
for anything from technical to
weather reasons, and a Flying Duty
Period may be extended if you think
you can make the flight safely and
have consulted the other members
of the crew about their fitness.
However, the normal maximum is
based on the original reporting time,
and calculated on what actually
happens, not what was planned to
happen (everything must be planned
properly). Sometimes, for example,
you may have to exercise it if a lower
performance aircraft is used instead
of a larger one, and consequently
takes longer to get round the route.
This discretion is yours (as
Commander), but some Companies
will make the decision for you
before the first flight of the day,
which is not when it should be used.
In these circumstances, you may
only extend the FDP by 1½ hours,
saving the remainder of the 3
normally permitted for later.
In UK, extensions up to 3 hours are
regarded as the absolute limit, except
in emergencies, which are situations
that, in your judgment, present
serious risks to health and safety,
such as Air Ambulance flights,
where the patient may be put at risk
by the delay caused by a rest-period.
In such cases, the figures may be
extended by up to 4 hours, provided
that no in-flight relief has been
allowed for and the previous rest
period has been taken in full.
There must be at least 48 hours
between Air Ambulance flights, and
a spare (qualified) commander must
be carried if you plan to extend by
more than 2 hours of the permitted
4. The need for the trip itself must
also be certified by a competent
medical authority, and no passengers
(other than next-of-kin of the
patient) must be carried. Once the
patient has been de-planed, you can't
use any further discretion over the
permitted 4 hours to get you home.
You can only do 3 of these flights in
any consecutive 28 days.
Whenever discretion is exercised, the
circumstances should be reported to
Ops on the Discretion Report Form (in
the Ops Manual). If the Duty Period
is extended for more than 2 hours,
the report should also be forwarded
to the CAA within 30 days.
In Canada, most people extend to 15
hours, if the following rest period is
extended by the same amount (1
hour) or you do less than 8 hours’
flying a day. Transport Canada can
issue a special permission for 15
hours, so check your Ops Manual -
in some cases, your next rest period
must also be an hour longer, or you
can’t do more than 8 hours flying
the next day. Spray pilots are
restricted to 14 hours anyway (and
must have 5 days off in every 30).
Flight Time And Duty Hours 41
Minimum Rest Periods
As well as having a maximum
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