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Cabin Crew 30
Designation of Aircraft Commander 30
Incapacitation 30
Qualifications 31
Commanders 31
Aeroplane 31
Recency 31
Helicopter 31
Recency 32
Co-Pilots 32
Recency 32
Cabin Crew 32
Crew Health Precautions 33
Flight Time & Duty Hours 35
Your Responsibilities 37
Company Responsibilities 38
Maximum Duty Period (FDP) 38
Discretion to Extend FDPs 40
Minimum Rest Periods 41
Discretion to Reduce a Rest Period 41
Split Duties 41
In-Flight Relief 42
Positioning 42
Travelling Time 43
Standby Duty 43
Cumulative Limits 44
UK 44
Table Of Contents iii
Canada 44
Duty Cycles 44
Records To Be Maintained 45
Pre And Post Flight Activity 45
Delayed Reporting Time 45
Pleasure Flying 45
Definitions 46
Week 46
Rostering Period 46
Rostered, Scheduled or Planned Duties 46
Operational Procedures 47
Flight Planning 47
Procedure For Charter Queries 47
Sub Charters 51
Minimum Flight Altitudes 51
Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude (MOCA) 51
Navigation Aids 52
Minimum Off-Route Altitude (MORA) 52
Mininum Enroute Altitude 52
Minimum Sector Altitude 52
Allowance for Wind Speed 52
Temperature Correction 52
Aeroplanes 53
Single-engined 53
Multi-Engined 53
Class A 53
Class B 54
Class C 54
Helicopters 55
Classes 1 and 2 55
Class 3 55
Aerodromes and Heliports 55
Airfield Categorisation 56
Category A—GREEN 56
Category B—YELLOW 56
Category C—RED 56
Other Categories 57
Alternates 57
Helicopter Landing Sites 57
Airways Manuals 60
Operating Minima 60
Planning Requirements 62
Take-Off/Alternates 62
Destinations 63
Destination and En-Route Alternates 64
DH/MDH 64
iv Operational Flying
Non-Precision Approaches (Onshore) 65
Visual Reference 65
Required Runway Visual Range (RVR) 65
Converting Reported Met Vis to RVR* 66
Precision Approaches (Onshore) 66
Visual Reference 66
Runway Visual Range 67
Single-Pilot Operation 67
Commencement and Continuation of an Approach 67
Visual Manoeuvring (Circling) 67
Visual Approach 68
Aerodromes Without Approach Aids 68
Airborne Radar Approach (ARA)—Helicopters Overwater 68
Minimum Descent Height (MDH) 68
Minimum descent altitude (MDA) 68
Decision range (DR) 69
Visual reference 69
Single pilot operations 69
Heliport Minima for VFR/IFR, Onshore/Overwater 69
VFR En-Route Minima 69
Helicopters 69
Single-Engined Aeroplanes 69
Multi-Engined Aeroplanes 70
Presentation and Application of Operating Minima 70
Altitude Correction 70
Interpreting Meteorological Information 70
METARs 70
Aerodrome Weather Forecasts (TAFs) 72
Fuel, Oil and Water Methanol 73
IFR 73
Helicopters 73
Final Reserve Fuel 74
Isolated Heliports 74
Fixed Wing 74
Fuel Planning 74
Standard Procedure 74
Decision Point Procedure 75
Isolated Aerodrome Procedure 76
Predetermined Point Procedure 76
Oil 76
Water Methanol 77
Mass and Centre of Gravity 77
Standard Mass Values 79
Aeroplane 79
Helicopters 79
Canada 80
Table Of Contents v
Distribution 80
The Load Plan 84
Sample Load Plan 84
Loadsheets 85
Paperwork 85
ATS Flight Plan 85
Operational Flight Plan 87
Technical Log 88
Examples 88
Documents, Forms and Information to be Carried 90
Maintenance Of Records 91
Ground Handling Instructions 91
Fuelling Procedures 91
At Base 95
En Route 95
Passengers on Board 96
Handling Procedures Related to Safety 96
Passengers 96
Transport Arrangements 97
Baggage and Freight 97
Ground Operations 98
Refusal of Embarkation 98
De-icing/Anti-icing on the Ground 98
Certification for Icing Conditions 98
Ground De-icing 98
De-icing Fluids 99
Flight Procedures 100
Flight Plan Annotation of VFR/IFR 100
Minimum Radar Service 100
Special Helicopter Zones 101
Recording Of Flight Times 101
Navigation Procedures 101
Altimeter Checks 102
Setting Procedures 102
Temperature Error 103
Altitude Alerting Systems 103
Audio Voice Alerting Device 103
Ground Proximity Warning Systems 103
Basic GPWS 103
Advanced GPWS 104
Warnings – Discretionary Action by Commander 104
Limitations 104
Unwanted Warnings 104
TCAS/ACAS 104
In-Flight Fuel Management 105
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