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limits. As a result, they must
avoid such nasties as alternating day
and night duties (see Early Starts and
Late Finishes) and positioning that
disrupts your rest.
Unless you're in an airline or on the
North Sea, it's obviously difficult to
schedule much in advance, but
companies must advise you of work
details as far ahead as they can
(though not less than 7 days), so you
can make arrangements for adequate
and, within reason, uninterrupted
pre-flight rest. Away from base, it's
normally the Company's job to
provide rest facilities (the legal
definition is “satisfactory in respect
of noise, temperature, light and
ventilation”), but they may lumber
you with finding them, as you're on
the spot—they are allowed to claim
that short notice precludes them
doing it. Note that bush and firefighting
camps must also meet the
definition of “suitable
accommodation”, which, in Canada,
at least, should start as a singleoccupancy
bedroom subject to
minimum noise, but can change to
something suitable for the site and
season, so you can’t win. On seismic
support, for example, the only place
you could get to hide is inside the
back of your helicopter.
All this being said, it must be
pointed out before we go on that
very, very few companies below a
certain level are actually honest
about their duty hours. The reason is
fairly simple in most cases—if you
kept to the letter of the law you
would duty-hour yourself out of
business, especially when there's not
a lot of staff around. Otherwise, the
companies simply have no respect
for the law or their employees; many
are cheapskates and beat down the
room price, so you will get the
noisiest and hottest for "suitable
accommodation". Also, believe it or
not, some companies don't regard
Vancouver or Seattle as being on the
West coast of N America (haven't
they got an atlas?), so their minimum
rest periods can be reduced to 25
hours rather than the 2 local nights
needed for San Francisco.
Discretion here is the better part of
valour, but falsifying duty hours is
but a short step removed from doing
it to other documents, and that
would never do. It's hard to give you
any advice, except to point out that
being pedantic can often be counterproductive
– that is, sometimes you
just have to swallow things.
Maximum Duty Period (FDP)
A Duty Period is any continuous
period through which you work for
Flight Time And Duty Hours 39
the Company, including any FDP
(see below), positioning, ground
training, ground duties and standby
duty. A Flying Duty Period (FDP), on
the other hand, is any duty period
during which you fly in an aircraft as
crew. It includes positioning
immediately before or after a flight
(say in a taxi or light aircraft) and
pre/after-flight duties, so the start
will generally be at least 30 minutes
before the first scheduled departure
time and the end at least 15 minutes
after last chocks on or rotors last
stopped time, though these may vary
between companies (see also Pre- and
Post-Flight Activities and Positioning). In
Canada, Flight Duty Time starts
when you report for a flight or
standby and finishes when the
engines stop after the final flight of
the day, including time used for
duties prior to the reporting time.
Presumably, after-flight duties aren’t
included, as there are no specific
times laid down, except with
reference to airlines.
If a Flying Duty Period immediately
follows ground or other duty, the
FDP commences from the start of
the other. With split duties (see
below), the intervening time on the
ground is also included. The
maximum rostered FDPs are in
tables in the Ops Manual which
actually come from CAP 371 (The
Guide to Requirements on the Avoidance
of Excessive Fatigue in Aircrews). These
tables (only two reproduced below)
give limits dependent on
acclimatisation (or not) to the local
time zone. You're considered to be
acclimatised if you've had three
consecutive local nights free of duty
within a local time zone band of two
hours (for a definition of 'local night'
see under Duty Cycles).
Maximum FDP—Fixed Wing;
single pilot
Sectors to 4 5 6 7 8+
0600-0759 10 9½ 8½ 8 8
0800-1259 11 10¼ 9½ 8¾ 8
1300-1759 10 9¼ 8½ 8 8
1800-2159 9 8¼ 8 8 8
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