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IBM localize their software and documentation in 70 languages. A small company seeking
compliance to the Economic Union directives is faced with 20 languages. The expansion of both
NATO and the EU adds more languages. Unfortunately, the demand for professional technical
translators far exceeds the supply.
What is the solution?
Many companies have found that a controlled language approach can reach across the language
boundaries with a common language. This paper and on-line demonstration
http://www.smartny.com/ControlledEnglish/CLAW06 shows how to create and use a Controlled
English dictionary.
Smart Communications, Inc., in New York City, developed SMART Controlled English to help
companies quickly create technical documentation for global communications. The use of
Controlled English allows corporations and their suppliers to blend their cultures and business
practices with a common language. In this age of outsourcing, Indian firms like Tata Consultancy
Services, Wipro and Infosys must mesh their information technology staffs with their client staffs
to communicate effectively across 24 time zones. To illustrate the importance of technical
communication, the new Boeing Dreamliner aircraft is fabricated from suppliers in 36 countries.
The expansion of globalization increases the demand for Controlled English as the solution to a
modern tower of Babel. The use of sophisticated software offers an ideal method for companies to
economically cross global and language barriers.
What is a Controlled Language
The Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia has an excellent definition.
“A simplified form of technical English based on 1,200 key words. A Controlled English
vocabulary promotes increased readability and usability of English technical documentation. Any
technical idea can be expressed clearly without the complexities of English spelling and grammar
and complex syntax.” Microsoft Encarta 2005
This definition gives the meaning to the term Controlled Languages. By contrast, the English
language has more than 900,000 words and grows daily.
In August 2006, the latest word to enter the English language is the noun “mashup”.
This term indicates the use of hybrid software to combine content from more than one source. For
example, digital maps linked to web services to show restaurant locations and perhaps menus and
reviews.
There is a growing use of wireless devices to send short electronic messages.
For example, “TXTING IS OK 4U, LOL”. Btw, some scientists think the use of text messages
weakens the grammatical abilities of the users. In case you do not know, btw means “by the way”.
BTW, studies in Canada have proven that text messages require good grammatical skills to make
sense to the reader on a small 215-pixel screen.
A brief history Controlled Languages
In the 1930, an eccentric Englishman named C.K.Ogden developed an 800- BASIC vocabulary to
help spread the use of English to Africa, India and Asia. This vocabulary formed the nucleus of
future Controlled Languages.
In 1970, the Caterpillar Tractor Company (now Caterpillar) developed Caterpillar Fundamental
English (CFE), now called Caterpillar Technical English (CTE) to write their expanding technical
support libraries. Caterpillar embarked on a global campaign to use CTE for maintenance manuals,
service bulletins and other support publications.
In 2006, this effort continues in some product lines, especially the large mining trucks used in
remote locations like Papua New Guinea. The CTE vocabulary has a core of 1,500 words to
which is added the names of the parts from Caterpillar product lines.
In 1988, the European aircraft alliance, called Airbus Industrie, followed Caterpillar and
developed a Controlled English vocabulary to write aircraft maintenance manuals.
Today, the ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English is widely deployed by 800 airlines and
mandated by Airbus, Boeing, Embraer, Bombardier and other aerospace companies. To avoid
product liability, these companies must mitigate the risk of human error in maintenance tasks. For
example, ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English does not contain the common English
auxiliary verbs, might, should or may. These verb forms do not exist in other languages. The ASDSTE100
Simplified Technical English allows the use of valid part names and terms in addition to
the basic 985 words.
You are not reading a typographical error. There are only 985 basic terms. However, the
dictionaries expand by component with terms for hydraulic systems, avionics and engines. An
average STE vocabulary can reach 8,500 to 12,500 terms. Later in this paper, there is an example
of ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English in use for the new Airbus A380 that can carry 550
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