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less exciting material and shows interest and attentiveness
only when doing tasks that he finds to be interesting. This
concerns Derek because he is worried that Jason will overlook
many important details and rush through procedures. For a
homework assignment Jason was told to take a very thorough
look at Preflight Procedures, and that for his next flight
lesson, they would discuss each step in detail. As Derek
predicted, Jason found this assignment to be boring and was
not prepared. Derek knows that Jason is a “thrill seeker” as
he talks about his business, which is a wilderness adventure
company. Derek must find a way to keep Jason focused and
help him find excitement in all areas of learning so that he will
understand the complex art of flying and aircraft safety.
Human Behavior
Chapter 1
1-2
34 years
Student Pilot
25 years
Maintenance
Student
Figure 1-1. The average age of a student pilot is 34, while the
average age of a maintenance student is 25.
Introduction
This chapter discusses human behavior and how it affects the
learning process. Learning is the acquisition of knowledge
or understanding of a subject or skill through education,
experience, practice, or study. A change of behavior results
from learning. To successfully bring about learning, the
instructor must know why people act the way they do,
how people learn, and then use this understanding to teach.
The study of applied educational psychology underlies the
information and theories that are discussed. To be an effective
instructor, knowledge of human behavior, basic human needs,
the defense mechanisms humans use that prevent learning,
as well as how adults learn is essential for organizing student
activities and promoting a productive learning experience
for students.
Definitions of Human Behavior
The study of human behavior is an attempt to explain how
and why humans function the way they do. A complex topic,
human behavior is a product both of innate human nature
and of individual experience and environment. Definitions
of human behavior abound, depending on the field of study.
In the scientific world, human behavior is seen as the product
of factors that cause people to act in predictable ways.
For example, speaking in public is very high on the list
of fears modern humans have. While no two people react
the same to any given fear, fear itself does trigger certain
innate biological responses in humans such as an increase in
breathing rate. How a person handles that fear is a product
of individual experiences. The person who has never spoken
in public may be unable to fulfill the obligation. Another
person, knowing his or her job requires public speaking,
may chose to take a class on public speaking to learn how
to cope with the fear.
Human behavior is also defined as the result of attempts
to satisfy certain needs. These needs may be simple to
understand and easy to identify, such as the need for food
and water. They also may be complex, such as the need for
respect and acceptance. A working knowledge of human
behavior can help an instructor better understand a student.
It is also helpful to remember that to a large extent thoughts,
feelings, and behavior are shared by all men or women,
despite seemingly large cultural differences. For example,
fear causes humans to either fight or flee. In the public
speaking example above, one person may “flee” by not
fulfilling the obligation. The other person may “fight” by
learning techniques to deal with fear.
Another definition of human behavior focuses on the
typical life course of humans. This approach emphasizes
human development or the successive phases of growth
in which human behavior is characterized by a distinct set
of physical, physiological, and behavioral features. The
thoughts, feelings, and behavior of an infant differ radically
from those of a teen. Research shows that as an individual
matures, his or her mode of action moves from dependency
to self-direction. Therefore, the age of the student impacts
how the instructor designs the curriculum. Since the average
age of a student can vary, the instructor needs to offer a
curriculum that addresses the varying student tendency to
self-direct. [Figure 1-1]
By observing human behavior, an instructor can gain the
knowledge needed to better understand him or herself as
an instructor as well as the learning needs of students.
Understanding human behavior leads to successful
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Aviation Instructor's Handbook航空教员手册(9)
