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Discussed in Chapter 7, Instructor Responsibilities and
Professionalism, FAA Forms 8710-1 and 8710-11 are the
print versions of the Airman Certificate and/or Rating
Application for Private and Sport Pilot Ratings. The flight
instructor should ensure the applicant is prepared for the
PTS and has met all the regulatory requirements, including
knowledge, proficiency, required endorsements, and
experience requirements before the application process. The
applicant then either completes the Form 8710 paper version
by hand, or completes a digital computer-based form found
on the FAA website, which must be printed before leaving
the website, or uses IACRA (discussed in depth in chapter 7)
to apply for an airman certificate or rating.
Instructor Records
14 CFR part 61 requires the flight instructor to maintain a
record that includes information on the type of endorsement,
the name of the person receiving the endorsement, and the
date of the endorsement. This information must be kept in a
logbook or a separate document. For a knowledge or practical
test endorsement, the record must include the kind of test,
the date, and the results. Records of endorsements must be
maintained for at least 3 years.
Knowledge Tests
When preparing an applicant for the private certification
or higher grade rating (e.g., commercial or instrument), a
test is required to ensure the PT has adequate aeronautical
knowledge in those subject areas listed in 14 CFR part 61.
The flight instructor may provide the PT with an endorsement
to certify he or she has the required knowledge to pass the
knoweldge test. Some additional ratings do not require
a knowledge test. For information concerning additional
aircraft certifications that do not require knowledge tests,
refer to AC 61-65. Flight instructors must take a short
question test for additional category.
As a general rule the following maybe used to determine
if a knowledge test for Private, Commercial, or Instrument
ratings is required, but the flight instructor should review
14 CFR part 61.
If the applicant fails a knowledge test, the flight or ground
instructor must sign the written test after he or she has given
additional training for a retake of the test.
Additional Training and Endorsements
Flight instructors often provide required training and
endorsements for certificated pilots. AC 61-98, Currency and
Additional Qualification Requirements for Certificated Pilots,
contains information to assist the instructor in providing
training/endorsements for flight reviews, instrument
proficiency checks, and transitions to other makes and
models of aircraft.
Included in the AC is general guidance in each of these areas,
references to other related documents, and sample training
plans that are pertinent to this type of training.
Flight Reviews
The purpose of the flight review (required by 14 CFR
section 61.56) is to provide for a regular evaluation of
pilot skills and aeronautical knowledge. According to the
regulation, it is also intended to offer pilots the opportunity
to design a personal currency and proficiency program in
consultation with a CFI. In effect, the flight review is the
aeronautical equivalent of a regular medical checkup and
ongoing health improvement program.
The conduct of flight reviews for certificated pilots is
a responsibility of the flight instructor, and is also an
excellent opportunity for the instructor to expand his or her
professional services. The flight review is intended to be an
industry-managed, FAA-monitored currency program. The
flight review is not a test or a check ride, but an instructional
service designed to assess a pilot’s knowledge and skills. As
stated in 14 CFR part 61, no person may act as PIC of an
aircraft unless a flight review has been accomplished within
the preceding 24 calendar months.
Effective pilot refresher training must be based on specific
objectives and standards. The objectives should include a
thorough checkout appropriate to the pilot certificate and
E-3
Figure E-2. This sample logbook endorsement is for completion
of a flight review.
NR
T/O
NR
NST.
APP.
I certify that (First name, MI, Last name), (pilot certificate)
(certificate number) has satisfactorily completed a flight
review of §61.56(b) on (date). S/S [date] J.J. Jones
987654321 CFI Exp. 12-31-2007
REMARKS AND ENDORSEMENTS
aircraft ratings held, and the standards should be at least
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Aviation Instructor's Handbook航空教员手册(179)
