曝光台 注意防骗
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Readback/Hearback problem.
The solution to the 10K/11K problem lies in
realizing the potential for error when descending
or climbing through or near the 10,000 and
11,000 foot boundaries, and using both single
digit and group forms to express these altitudes.
Be prepared to question a clearance
that seems unusual. If pilots and controllers
use clear, concise radio technique, paying
particular attention to the hearback phase,
the potential for error will be reduced.
An Invitation
No doubt there are a good many readers of
this article who are actively engaged in
training activities, and you may want to
consider this problem as the subject of a lesson
or two. If you are interested in obtaining a
small package of ASRS reports (about 20) on
which to base training sessions, please call or
write ASRS and request the 10K/11K Report
Package. It will be sent at no charge.
ASRS Directline 11
What Goe
…Must Com by Bill Richards
Athree-engine wide-body air carrier aircraft climbing to flight
level 410 experienced a compressor stall and had to shut down
an engine just prior to level off. The flight crew “…advised center
[that they were] descending, [had] shut down an engine, and need[ed]
24,000 feet.”
The controller cleared the stricken aircraft for a descent to flight
level 370, but the flight crew “…advised twice we had to get down [to
yet a lower altitude].” Due to traffic at flight level 350, the controller
was unable to approve their request, and so stated. The flight crew
kept repeating their request for lower (altitude) and the controller
kept repeating that he was “unable.”
s UP…
e DOWN
Controller’s Dilemma
It is well publicized that air carrier aircraft
will fly very well with one and, in some cases,
two engines shut down. What is not made
clear is that this is not true at higher altitudes
such as thirty-seven thousand feet, thus it is
possible that the controller did not realize the
urgency of the need for a lower altitude. It is,
however, more likely that the controller fully
understood the seriousness of the flight crew’s
situation, but the controller’s hands were tied.
An air traffic controller’s primary function is
to maintain certain minimum separation
standards between aircraft. The controller was
undoubtedly trying to provide the requested
descent clearance as quickly as possible, but
until he could clear traffic from below the
troubled aircraft, the flight could not be issued
a clearance to descend. An air traffic controller
cannot issue a clearance that will result in a
loss of standard separation, but can and will
provide assistance in the form of traffic pointouts
and/or recommendations intended to
increase separation between conflicting traffic.
Meanwhile, the flight crew had lost control of
their airplane. Minus the power of the failed
engine, they were descending and there was
nothing they could do to prevent it. This was
certainly an emergency situation, yet the crew
never declared an emergency. The controller
was finally able to vector the traffic out of the
way and to clear the stricken aircraft for a
continued descent, but by this time the aircraft
had already descended slightly below
flight level 370.
Emergency
I won’t speculate why the flight crew didn’t
declare an emergency; however, they may
have neglected to properly assess the effect of
their descent on other traffic in the vicinity
and thus ATC’s potential difficulty in maintaining
traffic separation. Given the declaration
of an emergency, the controller could have
pointed out conflicting traffic to all involved,
and provided traffic advisories even though a
loss of standard separation might result from
the flight crew’s actions.
12 ASRS Directline
A Different Twist
In another incident, a trans-Atlantic
wide-body aircraft was forced to descend and
reverse course after shutting down an engine.
The flight crew advised the Center controller
of the nature of their problem, requested a
lower altitude, and stated they wanted to
return to their departure airport. They made
their situation, intentions, and altitude
capability very clear. They also declared an
emergency, but for some reason, Center did
not acknowledge their declaration of an
emergency. The crew began the “Contingency
Procedure,” announcing their intentions in the
blind to all other traffic. Center was “…a bit
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