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And after the reporter had spent some time in the
now quiet environment…
“What’s wrong? No speaker! Darn. Switch on!
…Tower called…‘Where have you been? We’ve been
calling you for the last five minutes.’ ” (ACN 157097)
Figure 3 shows the flight phases in which air carrier and
general aviation pilots experience their communications
problems.
➍ Low Experience = More Loss of Com Events
There is a significantly increased opportunity for lost
com occurrences when one or more of the flight crew is
low time on the aircraft type—this is particularly true
for general aviation pilots. Figure 4 provides the frequency
of lost communication events vs. time-in-type
for GA pilots. (A similar, but less pronounced pattern
was revealed for air carrier pilots.)
Times in Figure 4 are in 50 hour segments from 1 hour
to 50, 51 to 100, and so on. The “spike” noted in the 251
to 300 hour segment is probably a result of “rounding”
by reporters. (A reporter with 276 hours, or 310 hours for
example, may tend to round his experience to 300 hours.)
24 Issue Number 6
Lost Com
➎ Delay in Recognition
Preoccupation or distraction with tasks in high workload
situations was commonly noted in delayed recognition
of loss of communication. Note the following report:
✍ “Upon change over from approach to tower frequency,
new F/O failed to move COM selector head
switch to new frequency; we called on wrong frequency
for landing and call was covered by another
aircraft transmission. I thought we had called on
tower frequency and were cleared to land, but we
were distracted at this time by performing the final
landing checklist…” (ACN 182606)
At the opposite end of the causal spectrum, loss of
awareness or lowered levels of awareness was also a
significant contributor to delayed recognition of com
loss:
✍ “While in cruise, the captain, acting as pilot-notflying,
was given a frequency change to Chicago
Center, I believe. I do not remember a reply to his call
on frequency. Sometime thereafter I noticed there
was no one on frequency talking. I said it sure is
quiet. He said ‘Yeah,’ so I called center for a radio
check—no reply. So I switched back to previous
frequency. Controller stated he had been trying to
reach us, gave us a new frequency. I feel it was due
to fatigue that we had not caught the apparent
wrong selection of a new frequency…” (ACN 189021)
➏ Recognition of Com Loss
Most commonly, flight crew discover their communication
loss when they made a normal attempt to communicate
with ATC:
✍ “…Had a…mike switch which stuck in the transmission
mode. ATC said that had been that way for
15 miles. I had not heard from ATC for some time and
it was about time for a frequency change. I attempted
to call ATC and then discovered the sticking
switch…” (ACN 179290)
The next most common reason for communications
recovery was intervention by the controlling facility on
another frequency, or through company or ARINC channels
as illustrated in the following report:
✍ “…Center read a clearance so fast that neither
my FO nor I had a chance to copy it, nor were we sure
if that clearance was for us. I called Center back and
said that if that clearance was for us, we did not copy
it…I called again and still no response…About 5
minutes later an air carrier flight called us on 118.15
(our ATC frequency) and advised us that Center
wanted us to immediately climb to 31,000 and turn
to 180 degrees…” (ACN 156274)
Observations and Recommendations
Let’s see if there may be some useful recommendations
for reducing the frequency, duration and severity in lost
communication events.
General Considerations
✔ As noted, the most common reason for a misset radio
is inadvertent pilot mis-selection of a frequency. The
best solution to this problem is the old solution—
proper attention to detail and good cockpit management
and monitoring on the part of the flight crew.
✔ Pilots should be aware that there is a significantly
increased opportunity for a lost communication event
when pilot experience in the aircraft type is low.
Continued emphasis on the value of situational
awareness will help.
✔ Pilots often experienced difficulty in returning to an
original frequency if there was an error in selection
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