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or clearance to a new frequency. A simple and effective
aid for pilots is to write down assigned frequencies;
should a loss of communication occur at the
point of a frequency change, the pilot may easily
return to the previous frequency.
✔ One reporter, as a final thought in his misset frequency
report, suggested that facility frequencies be
reproduced on enroute navigation charts. This could
be either the primary sector frequencies, or perhaps
a “general” frequency shared by a number of sectors
within a facility through which a recovery could be
effected.
✔ The seriousness of “stuck mike” events could be
significantly reduced by the use of transmitter “timeout”
devices that terminate transmission after a
reasonable time period.
Issue Number 6 25
✔ Military aircraft, in addition to their normal radio
package, are usually fitted with radios that receive
on “Guard” frequencies 121.5 and 243 MHz. The
volume of these emergency radios cannot be reduced,
and in-coming transmissions on this radio
will override other communications. If all aircraft
operating in the ATC system were fitted with such
radios, recovery of aircraft with misset radio and
blocked frequency problems could be effected more
readily.
GA Pilots
✔ Loss of situational awareness in high workload situations,
and problems with aircraft radios or electrical
systems were commonly noted problems for GA
pilots. Thorough pre-flight planning can help reduce
the impact in high workload situations. GA pilots
should know their electrical system, and should
constantly monitor the electrical system in flight
and should consider terminating the flight at the
first signs of system problems.
✔ Where high cockpit workloads contribute to loss of
communication such as during Approach and Landing,
adherence to cockpit disciplines (such as the
sterile cockpit), and maintenance of positional awareness
should serve to reduce delays in event recognition.
✔ A number of ASRS reports from general aviation
operators note the use of hand-held portable aviation
radio transceivers—as backup to aircraft
mounted radio equipment. In 4 incidents the “handheld”
can be credited with a communications “save,”
and there are additional reports among those reviewed
for this study that cite effective use of these
portable communications radios.
Transport Pilots
✔ Review of pertinent records indicates that pilot recognition
of interrupted communication in the Cruise
phase, (notable for a low workload environment and
a point where ATC communication and chatter are
minimal), may be facilitated by the motherhood and
apple pie solution of constant situational and positional
awareness.
✔ For high altitude flight, noting the location of ARTCC
Facility boundaries as marked on charts should
serve to alert pilots to required hand-offs.
Controllers
✔ Controller intervention through use of company or
ARINC frequencies is effective when used.
✔ Those incidents wherein an ATC facility used an
alternate communications process to “recover” an
interrupted-communication aircraft showed good success.
Use by facilities of alternate communications
procedures such as company frequency, aircraft relays,
SELCAL, ARINC, and ACARS tends to be
effective.
✔ It is suggested that ATC facilities review alternate
communications possibilities in the event of frequency
blockages, including periodic resting of the
battery-operated Gonset radios.
26 Issue Number 6
S TAT I S T I C S
Introductory Note Regarding ASRS Database Statistics
ASRScodes descriptive characteristics of every report it receives and
places that information in a computerized database. We code the
function of the person who submitted the report; the place and time of the reported
incident; and the descriptive nature of the occurrence. Following are 13 pages of
graphs and statistics portraying these and other data.
Data category
Category A
Category B
Category C
Total Unique Incidents
Incident Base
Incidents % of Incident Base Incidents % of Incident Base
1993 Jan '87 through Dec '93
Inapplicable or Unknown
22
39
83
127
165
38
1,207
2,945
5,352
7,698
10,207
2,509
12%
29%
52%
75%
100%
25%
13%
24%
50%
77%
100%
23%
Hypothetical Example Table
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