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Figure 66: Direct route extension by components..........................................................................54
Figure 67: Examples of national and local flight efficiency initiatives..........................................55
Figure 68: free route selection - Portugal .......................................................................................55
Figure 69: Additional en-route distance per FAB in 2009 .............................................................56
Figure 70: Additional en-route distance per State in 2009.............................................................57
Figure 71: Direct route extension -week/weekend .........................................................................58
Figure 72: Performance indicators on access to shared airspace....................................................58
Figure 73: Measuring “additional time” and “off-block delays" in different flight phases............63
Figure 74: Global peak service rate and declared capacity at top 20 airports ................................64
Figure 75: Global throughput over 90% of the declared capacity..................................................65
Figure 76: European average of arrival ATFM regulations (top 20 airports) ................................65
Figure 77: Arrival ATFM regulations at the top 20 airports ..........................................................66
Figure 78: Approach (ASMA) additional time (40 NM-landing) at top 20 airports ......................67
Figure 79: European Pre-departure delays (top 20 busy airports)..................................................67
Figure 80: Pre-departure delays at top 20 busy airports.................................................................68
Figure 81: Taxi-out additional time at top 20 airports ...................................................................69
Figure 82: Estimated total additional time related to airport airside operations in 2009................70
Figure 83: Airport slot utilisation/additional times ........................................................................70
Figure 84: Contribution of CO2 emissions by sector in EU27 area (2007) ....................................73
Figure 85: Aviation emissions in ETS (2009)................................................................................75
Figure 86: Fuel burn by duration of flight (2009) ..........................................................................75
Figure 87: Framework for the evaluation of industry driven fuel efficiency improvements .........76
Figure 88: Factors contributing to aviation CO2 efficiency ...........................................................77
Figure 89: Schematic evolution of CO2 emissions.........................................................................77
Figure 90: Aviation efficiency .......................................................................................................77
Figure 91: CO2 emissions from aviation ........................................................................................77
Figure 92: ANS contribution to reduce aviation related CO2 emissions ........................................78
Figure 93: Aviation emissions within European airspace in 2009 .................................................78
Figure 94: Share of CO2 emissions actionable by ANS in 2009 ....................................................79
Figure 95: ANS fuel efficiency ......................................................................................................79
Figure 96: Considerations for optimising the arrival flow .............................................................81
Figure 97: ATM concept today ......................................................................................................81
Figure 98: Integrated trajectory management.................................................................................81
Figure 99: Contribution to Local Air Quality at Manchester airport .............................................83
Figure 100: Strategic noise map for Paris Orly airport ..................................................................84
Figure 101: People affected by aircraft noise.................................................................................85
Figure 102: Breakdown of gate-to-gate ANS costs, 2008..............................................................87
Figure 103: En-route ANS cost-effectiveness KPI for EUROCONTROL Area (€2008 prices) ...88
Figure 104: Real en-route unit costs per km (KPI), total costs and traffic.....................................89
Figure 105: Comparison of real en-route unit costs (data planned in Nov ‘08 & Nov ‘09)...........89
Figure 106: Summary of main cost-containment measures implemented by States ......................90
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Performance Review Report 2009(13)
