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d. The markings and signs described in this
section of the AIM reflect the current FAA
recommended standards.
REFERENCEAC
150/5340-1, Standards for Airport Markings.
AC 150/5340-18, Standards for Airport Sign Systems.
2-3-2. Airport Pavement Markings
a. General. For the purpose of this presentation
the Airport Pavement Markings have been grouped
into four areas:
1. Runway Markings.
2. Taxiway Markings.
3. Holding Position Markings.
4. Other Markings.
b. Marking Colors. Markings for runways are
white. Markings defining the landing area on a
heliport are also white except for hospital heliports
which use a red “H” on a white cross. Markings for
taxiways, areas not intended for use by aircraft
(closed and hazardous areas), and holding positions
(even if they are on a runway) are yellow.
2-3-3. Runway Markings
a. General. There are three types of markings for
runways: visual, nonprecision instrument, and
precision instrument. TBL 2-3-1 identifies the
marking elements for each type of runway and
TBL 2-3-2 identifies runway threshold markings.
TBL 2-3-1
Runway Marking Elements
Marking Element Visual Runway
Nonprecision
Instrument
Runway
Precision
Instrument
Runway
Designation X X X
Centerline X X X
Threshold X1 X X
Aiming Point X2 X X
Touchdown Zone X
Side Stripes X
1 On runways used, or intended to be used, by international commercial transports.
2 On runways 4,000 feet (1200 m) or longer used by jet aircraft.
AIM 2/14/08
2-3-2 Airport Marking Aids and Signs
FIG 2-3-1
Precision Instrument Runway Markings
THRESHOLD MARKINGS
CONFIGURATION 'B'
NUMBER OF STRIPES
RELATED TO RUNWAY
WIDTH - SEE TEXT
20
L
AIMING POINT
MARKING
CENTERLINE
TOUCHDOWN ZONE
MARKING
THRESHOLD
THRESHOLD MARKINGS
CONFIGURATION 'A'
DESIGNATION MARKINGS
b. Runway Designators. Runway numbers and
letters are determined from the approach direction.
The runway number is the whole number nearest
one‐tenth the magnetic azimuth of the centerline of
the runway, measured clockwise from the magnetic
north. The letters, differentiate between left (L),
right(R), or center (C), parallel runways, as
applicable:
1. For two parallel runways “L” “R.”
2. For three parallel runways “L” “C” “R.”
c. Runway Centerline Marking. The runway
centerline identifies the center of the runway and
provides alignment guidance during takeoff and
landings. The centerline consists of a line of
uniformly spaced stripes and gaps.
d. Runway Aiming Point Marking. The aiming
point marking serves as a visual aiming point for a
landing aircraft. These two rectangular markings
consist of a broad white stripe located on each side of
the runway centerline and approximately 1,000 feet
from the landing threshold, as shown in FIG 2-3-1,
Precision Instrument Runway Markings.
e. Runway Touchdown Zone Markers. The
touchdown zone markings identify the touchdown
zone for landing operations and are coded to provide
distance information in 500 feet (150m) increments.
These markings consist of groups of one, two, and
three rectangular bars symmetrically arranged in
pairs about the runway centerline, as shown in
FIG 2-3-1, Precision Instrument Runway Markings.
For runways having touchdown zone markings on
both ends, those pairs of markings which extend to
within 900 feet (270m) of the midpoint between the
thresholds are eliminated.
2/14/08 AIM
Airport Marking Aids and Signs 2-3-3
FIG 2-3-2
Nonprecision Instrument Runway and Visual Runway Markings
20
20
AIMING POINT
MARKING
THRESHOLD THRESHOLD
MARKINGS
DESIGNATION
MARKING
PAVEMENT EDGE
AIMING POINT
MARKING
PAVEMENT EDGE
DESIGNATION MARKING
THRESHOLD
NONPRECISION INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS
VISUAL RUNWAY MARKINGS
f. Runway Side Stripe Marking. Runway side
stripes delineate the edges of the runway. They
provide a visual contrast between runway and the
abutting terrain or shoulders. Side stripes consist of
continuous white stripes located on each side of the
runway as shown in FIG 2-3-4.
g. Runway Shoulder Markings. Runway shoulder
stripes may be used to supplement runway side
stripes to identify pavement areas contiguous to the
runway sides that are not intended for use by aircraft.
Runway Shoulder stripes are Yellow.
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