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B1 yes yes yes yes yes
B2 yes yes yes yes no
B3 yes yes yes yes yes
B4 yes yes yes yes no
Class C - GPS sensor data to an integrated navigation system (as in Class B) which provides enhanced guidance to an autopilot, or
flight director, to reduce flight tech. errors. Limited to 14 CFR Part 121 or equivalent criteria.
C1 yes yes yes yes yes
C2 yes yes yes yes no
C3 yes yes yes yes yes
C4 yes yes yes yes no
AIM 2/14/08
1-1-30 Navigation Aids
TBL 1-1-6
GPS Approval Required/Authorized Use
Equipment
Type1
Installation
Approval
Required
Operational
Approval
Required
IFR
En Route2
IFR
Terminal2
IFR
Approach3
Oceanic
Remote
In Lieu of
ADF and/or
DME3
Hand held4 X5
VFR Panel Mount4 X
IFR En Route
and Terminal
X X X X X
IFR Oceanic/
Remote
X X X X X X
IFR En Route,
Terminal, and
Approach
X X X X X X
NOTE-
1To determine equipment approvals and limitations, refer to the AFM, AFM supplements, or pilot guides.
2Requires verification of data for correctness if database is expired.
3Requires current database.
4VFR and hand-held GPS systems are not authorized for IFR navigation, instrument approaches, or as a primary instrument
flight reference. During IFR operations they may be considered only an aid to situational awareness.
5Hand-held receivers require no approval. However, any aircraft modification to support the hand-held receiver;
i.e.,installation of an external antenna or a permanent mounting bracket, does require approval.
3. The GPS Approach Overlay Program is an
authorization for pilots to use GPS avionics under
IFR for flying designated nonprecision instrument
approach procedures, except LOC, LDA, and
simplified directional facility (SDF) procedures.
These procedures are now identified by the name of
the procedure and “or GPS” (e.g., VOR/DME or GPS
RWY15). Other previous types of overlays have
either been converted to this format or replaced with
stand-alone procedures. Only approaches contained
in the current onboard navigation database are
authorized. The navigation database may contain
information about nonoverlay approach procedures
that is intended to be used to enhance position
orientation, generally by providing a map, while
flying these approaches using conventional
NAVAIDs. This approach information should not be
confused with a GPS overlay approach (see the
receiver operating manual, AFM, or AFM Supplement
for details on how to identify these approaches
in the navigation database).
NOTEOverlay
approaches are predicated upon the design
criteria of the ground-based NAVAID used as the basis of
the approach. As such, they do not adhere to the design
criteria described in paragraph 5-4-5k, Area Navigation
(RNAV) Instrument Approach Charts, for stand-alone
GPS approaches.
4. GPS IFR approach operations can be
conducted as soon as proper avionics systems are
installed and the following requirements are met:
(a) The authorization to use GPS to fly
instrument approaches is limited to U.S. airspace.
(b) The use of GPS in any other airspace must
be expressly authorized by the FAA Administrator.
(c) GPS instrument approach operations
outside the U.S. must be authorized by the
appropriate sovereign authority.
2/14/08 AIM
Navigation Aids 1-1-31
f. Equipment and Database Requirements
1. Authorization to fly approaches under IFR
using GPS avionics systems requires that:
(a) A pilot use GPS avionics with TSOC129,
or equivalent, authorization in class A1, B1,
B3, C1, or C3; and
(b) All approach procedures to be flown must
be retrievable from the current airborne navigation
database supplied by the TSO-C129 equipment
manufacturer or other FAA approved source.
(c) Prior to using a procedure or waypoint
retrieved from the airborne navigation database, the
pilot should verify the validity of the database. This
verification should include the following preflight
and in-flight steps:
(1) Preflight:
[a] Determine the date of database
issuance, and verify that the date/time of proposed
use is before the expiration date/time.
[b] Verify that the database provider has
not published a notice limiting the use of the specific
waypoint or procedure.
(2) Inflight:
[a] Determine that the waypoints and
transition names coincide with names found on the
procedure chart. Do not use waypoints, which do not
exactly match the spelling shown on published
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