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requested for VFR service, the pilot should advise the
controller that he/she has received the one-minute
weather and state his/her intentions.
EXAMPLE-
“I have the (airport) one-minute weather, request an ILS
Runway 14 approach.”
REFERENCEAIM,
Weather Observing Programs, Paragraph 7-1-12.
2/14/08 AIM
ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation 4-4-1
Section 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation
4-4-1. Clearance
a. A clearance issued by ATC is predicated on
known traffic and known physical airport conditions.
An ATC clearance means an authorization by ATC,
for the purpose of preventing collision between
known aircraft, for an aircraft to proceed under
specified conditions within controlled airspace. IT IS
NOT AUTHORIZATION FOR A PILOT TO
DEVIATE FROM ANY RULE, REGULATION, OR
MINIMUM ALTITUDE NOR TO CONDUCT
UNSAFE OPERATION OF THE AIRCRAFT.
b. 14 CFR Section 91.3(a) states: “The pilot‐incommand
of an aircraft is directly responsible for,
and is the final authority as to, the operation of that
aircraft.” If ATC issues a clearance that would cause
a pilot to deviate from a rule or regulation, or in the
pilot's opinion, would place the aircraft in jeopardy,
IT IS THE PILOT'S RESPONSIBILITY TO
REQUEST AN AMENDED CLEARANCE. Similarly,
if a pilot prefers to follow a different course of
action, such as make a 360 degree turn for spacing to
follow traffic when established in a landing or
approach sequence, land on a different runway,
takeoff from a different intersection, takeoff from the
threshold instead of an intersection, or delay
operation, THE PILOT IS EXPECTED TO
INFORM ATC ACCORDINGLY. When the pilot
requests a different course of action, however, the
pilot is expected to cooperate so as to preclude
disruption of traffic flow or creation of conflicting
patterns. The pilot is also expected to use
theappropriate aircraft call sign to acknowledge all
ATC clearances, frequency changes, or advisory
information.
c. Each pilot who deviates from an ATC clearance
in response to a Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance
System resolution advisory shall notify ATC of that
deviation as soon as possible.
REFERENCEPilot/
Controller Glossary Term- Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance
System.
d. When weather conditions permit, during the
time an IFR flight is operating, it is the direct
responsibility of the pilot to avoid other aircraft since
VFR flights may be operating in the same area
without the knowledge of ATC. Traffic clearances
provide standard separation only between IFR
flights.
4-4-2. Clearance Prefix
A clearance, control information, or a response to a
request for information originated by an ATC facility
and relayed to the pilot through an air‐to‐ground
communication station will be prefixed by “ATC
clears,” “ATC advises,” or “ATC requests.”
4-4-3. Clearance Items
ATC clearances normally contain the following:
a. Clearance Limit. The traffic clearance issued
prior to departure will normally authorize flight to the
airport of intended landing. Under certain conditions,
at some locations a short‐range clearance procedure
is utilized whereby a clearance is issued to a fix within
or just outside of the terminal area and pilots are
advised of the frequency on which they will receive
the long‐range clearance direct from the center
controller.
b. Departure Procedure. Headings to fly and
altitude restrictions may be issued to separate a
departure from other air traffic in the terminal area.
Where the volume of traffic warrants, DPs have been
developed.
REFERENCEAIM,
Abbreviated IFR Departure Clearance (Cleared. . .as Filed)
Procedures, Paragraph 5-2-4.
AIM, Instrument Departure Procedures (DP) - Obstacle Departure
Procedures (ODP) and Standard Instrument Departures (SID),
Paragraph 5-2-8.
c. Route of Flight.
1. Clearances are normally issued for the
altitude or flight level and route filed by the pilot.
However, due to traffic conditions, it is frequently
necessary for ATC to specify an altitude or flight level
or route different from that requested by the pilot. In
addition, flow patterns have been established in
certain congested areas or between congested areas
whereby traffic capacity is increased by routing all
traffic on preferred routes. Information on these flow
patterns is available in offices where preflight
briefing is furnished or where flight plans are
accepted.
AIM 2/14/08
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