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information), or it may be used to monitor other types
of approaches. It is designed to display range,
azimuth, and elevation information.
b. Two antennas are used in the PAR array, one
scanning a vertical plane, and the other scanning
horizontally. Since the range is limited to 10 miles,
azimuth to 20 degrees, and elevation to 7 degrees,
only the final approach area is covered. Each scope is
divided into two parts. The upper half presents
altitude and distance information, and the lower half
presents azimuth and distance.
4-5-5. Airport Surface Detection
Equipment - Model X (ASDE-X)
a. The Airport Surface Detection Equipment-
Model X (ASDE-X) is a multi-sensor surface
surveillance system the FAA is acquiring for airports
in the United States. This system will provide high
resolution, short-range, clutter free surveillance
information about aircraft and vehicles, both moving
and fixed, located on or near the surface of the
airport's runways and taxiways under all weather and
visibility conditions. The system consists of:
1. A Primary Radar System. ASDE-X system
coverage includes the airport surface and the
airspace up to 200 feet above the surface. Typically
located on the control tower or other strategic
location on the airport, the Primary Radar antenna is
able to detect and display aircraft that are not
equipped with or have malfunctioning transponders.
2. Interfaces. ASDE-X contains an automation
interface for flight identification via all
automation platforms and interfaces with the
terminal radar for position information.
3. ASDE-X Automation. A Multi-sensor
Data Processor (MSDP) combines all sensor reports
into a single target which is displayed to the air traffic
controller.
4. Air Traffic Control Tower Display. A high
resolution, color monitor in the control tower cab
provides controllers with a seamless picture of airport
operations on the airport surface.
b. The combination of data collected from the
multiple sensors ensures that the most accurate
information about aircraft location is received in the
tower, thereby increasing surface safety and
efficiency.
AIM 2/14/08
4-5-8 Surveillance Systems
c. The following facilities have been projected to
receive ASDE-X:
TBL 4-5-1
STL Lambert-St. Louis International
CLT Charlotte Douglas International
SDF Louisville International Standiford
DFW Dallas/Ft. Worth International
ORD Chicago O'Hare International
LAX Los Angeles International
ATL Hartsfield Atlanta International
IAD Washington Dulles International
SEA Seattle-Tacoma International
MKE General Mitchell International
MCO Orlando International
PVD Theodore Francis Green State
PHX Phoenix Sky Harbor International
MEM Memphis International
RDU Raleigh-Durham International
HOU William P. Hobby (Houston, TX)
BDL Bradley International
SJC San Jose International
SAT San Antonio International
SMF Sacramento International
FLL Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood
HNL Honolulu International - Hickam AFB
OAK Metropolitan Oakland International
IND Indianapolis International
TPA Tampa International
BUR Burbank-Glendale-Pasadena
CMH Port Columbus International
MDW Chicago Midway
COS Colorado Springs Municipal
SNA John Wayne - Orange County
ONT Ontario International
AUS Austin-Bergstrom International
RNO Reno/Tahoe International
ABQ Albuquerque International Sunport
SJU San Juan International
NOTEThe
installation of ASDE-X is projected to be completed by
2009.
4-5-6. Traffic Information Service (TIS)
a. Introduction
The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides
information to the cockpit via data link, that is similar
to VFR radar traffic advisories normally received
over voice radio. Among the first FAA-provided data
services, TIS is intended to improve the safety and
efficiency of “see and avoid” flight through an
automatic display that informs the pilot of nearby
traffic and potential conflict situations. This traffic
display is intended to assist the pilot in visual
acquisition of these aircraft. TIS employs an
enhanced capability of the terminal Mode S radar
system, which contains the surveillance data, as well
as the data link required to “uplink” this information
to suitably-equipped aircraft (known as a TIS
“client”). TIS provides estimated position, altitude,
altitude trend, and ground track information for up to
8 intruder aircraft within 7 NM horizontally,
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