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indicate if weather conditions are IFR or VFR. At
some locations with operating control towers, ATC
personnel turn the beacon on or off when controls are
in the tower. At many airports the airport beacon is
turned on by a photoelectric cell or time clocks and
ATC personnel cannot control them. There is no
regulatory requirement for daylight operation and it
is the pilot's responsibility to comply with proper
preflight planning as required by 14 CFR
Section91.103.
2-1-9. Taxiway Lights
a. Taxiway Edge Lights. Taxiway edge lights are
used to outline the edges of taxiways during periods
of darkness or restricted visibility conditions. These
fixtures emit blue light.
NOTEAt
most major airports these lights have variable intensity
settings and may be adjusted at pilot request or when
deemed necessary by the controller.
b. Taxiway Centerline Lights. Taxiway centerline
lights are used to facilitate ground traffic under
low visibility conditions. They are located along the
taxiway centerline in a straight line on straight
portions, on the centerline of curved portions, and
along designated taxiing paths in portions of
runways, ramp, and apron areas. Taxiway centerline
lights are steady burning and emit green light.
c. Clearance Bar Lights. Clearance bar lights
are installed at holding positions on taxiways in order
to increase the conspicuity of the holding position in
low visibility conditions. They may also be installed
to indicate the location of an intersecting taxiway
during periods of darkness. Clearance bars consist of
three in‐pavement steady‐burning yellow lights.
d. Runway Guard Lights. Runway guard lights
are installed at taxiway/runway intersections. They
are primarily used to enhance the conspicuity of
taxiway/runway intersections during low visibility
conditions, but may be used in all weather conditions.
Runway guard lights consist of either a pair of
elevated flashing yellow lights installed on either side
of the taxiway, or a row of in‐pavement yellow lights
installed across the entire taxiway, at the runway
holding position marking.
NOTESome
airports may have a row of three or five in‐pavement
yellow lights installed at taxiway/runway intersections.
They should not be confused with clearance bar lights
described in paragraph 2-1-9c, Clearance Bar Lights.
e. Stop Bar Lights. Stop bar lights, when
installed, are used to confirm the ATC clearance to
enter or cross the active runway in low visibility
conditions (below 1,200 ft Runway Visual Range). A
stop bar consists of a row of red, unidirectional,
steady-burning in‐pavement lights installed across
the entire taxiway at the runway holding position, and
elevated steady-burning red lights on each side. A
controlled stop bar is operated in conjunction with the
taxiway centerline lead‐on lights which extend from
the stop bar toward the runway. Following the ATC
clearance to proceed, the stop bar is turned off and the
lead‐on lights are turned on. The stop bar and lead‐on
lights are automatically reset by a sensor or backup
timer.
CAUTIONPilots
should never cross a red illuminated stop bar, even
if an ATC clearance has been given to proceed onto or
across the runway.
NOTEIf
after crossing a stop bar, the taxiway centerline lead‐on
lights inadvertently extinguish, pilots should hold their
position and contact ATC for further instructions.
2/14/08 AIM
Air Navigation and Obstruction Lighting 2-2-1
Section 2. Air Navigation and Obstruction Lighting
2-2-1. Aeronautical Light Beacons
a. An aeronautical light beacon is a visual
NAVAID displaying flashes of white and/or colored
light to indicate the location of an airport, a heliport,
a landmark, a certain point of a Federal airway in
mountainous terrain, or an obstruction. The light used
may be a rotating beacon or one or more flashing
lights. The flashing lights may be supplemented by
steady burning lights of lesser intensity.
b. The color or color combination displayed by a
particular beacon and/or its auxiliary lights tell
whether the beacon is indicating a landing place,
landmark, point of the Federal airways, or an
obstruction. Coded flashes of the auxiliary lights, if
employed, further identify the beacon site.
2-2-2. Code Beacons and Course Lights
a. Code Beacons. The code beacon, which can be
seen from all directions, is used to identify airports
and landmarks. The code beacon flashes the three or
four character airport identifier in International
Morse Code six to eight times per minute. Green
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