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sight and will maintain visual separation from it (the
pilot must use that entire phrase), the controller need
only “approve” the operation instead of restating the
instructions.
PHRASEOLOGYTRAFFIC,
(clock position and distance),
(direction)‐BOUND, (type of aircraft), (intentions and
other relevant information).
If applicable,
ON CONVERGING COURSE.
DO YOU HAVE IT IN SIGHT?
If the answer is in the affirmative,
MAINTAIN VISUAL SEPARATION.
If the pilot advises he/she has the traffic in sight and will
maintain visual separation from it (pilot must use that
entire phrase):
APPROVED.
If aircraft are on converging courses, advise the other
aircraft:
TRAFFIC, (clock position and distance),
(direction)‐BOUND, (type of aircraft), HAS YOU IN
SIGHT AND WILL MAINTAIN VISUAL SEPARATION.
b. EN ROUTE. Visual separation may be used up
to but not including FL 180 when the following
conditions are met:
1. Direct communication is maintained with one
of the aircraft involved and there is an ability to
communicate with the other.
JO 7110.65S 2/14/08
7-2-2 Visual Separation
2. A pilot sees another aircraft and is instructed
to maintain visual separation from it as follows:
(a) Tell the pilot about the other aircraft
including position, direction and unless it is obvious,
the other aircraft's intentions.
(b) Obtain acknowledgment from the pilot
that the other aircraft is in sight.
(c) Instruct the pilot to maintain visual
separation from that aircraft.
(d) Advise the pilot if the radar targets appear
likely to converge.
(e) If the aircraft are on converging courses,
inform the other aircraft of the traffic and that visual
separation is being applied.
(f) Advise the pilots if either aircraft is a
heavy.
(g) Traffic advisories and wake turbulence
cautionary advisories shall be issued in accordance
with para 2-1-20, Wake Turbulence Cautionary
Advisories, and para 2-1-21, Traffic Advisories.
(h) If the pilot advises he/she has the traffic in
sight and will maintain visual separation from it (the
pilot must use that entire phrase), the controller need
only “approve” the operation instead of restating the
instructions.
PHRASEOLOGYTRAFFIC,
(clock position and distance),
(direction)-BOUND, (type of aircraft), (intentions and
other relevant information).
If applicable,
ON CONVERGING COURSE.
DO YOU HAVE IT IN SIGHT?
If the answer is in the affirmative,
MAINTAIN VISUAL SEPARATION.
If the pilot advises he/she has the traffic in sight and will
maintain visual separation from it (pilot must use that
entire phrase):
(Call Sign) APPROVED.
If aircraft are on converging courses, advise the other
aircraft:
TRAFFIC, (clock position and distance),
(direction)-BOUND, (type of aircraft), HAS YOU IN
SIGHT AND WILL MAINTAIN VISUAL SEPARATION.
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 7-4-1, Visual Approach.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-4-2, Vectors for Visual Approach.
c. Nonapproach control towers may be authorized
to provide visual separation between aircraft within
surface areas or designated areas provided other
separation is assured before and after the application
of visual separation. This may be applied by the
nonapproach control tower providing the separation
or by a pilot visually observing another aircraft and
being instructed to maintain visual separation with
that aircraft.
PHRASEOLOGYVISUAL
SEPARATION APPROVED BETWEEN
(identification) AND (identification),
and for departing aircraft,
(departing/succeeding aircraft) RELEASED YOUR
DISCRETION.
NOTESeparation
of IFR aircraft before and after application of
visual separation is an IFR control function (Approach/
Departure/En Route). A nonapproach control tower by
accepting authorization for visual separation becomes
responsible for ensuring that separation. Separation
requirements also apply to VFR aircraft when IFR,
ClassB, Class C or TRSA separation is prescribed.
REFERENCEFAAO
JO 7110.65, Para 4-8-11, Practice Approaches.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-6-1, Application.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-4-2, Vectors for Visual Approach.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-6-1, Application.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-1, Application.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-2, Issuance of EFC.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-3, Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-4, Helicopter Traffic.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-5, Altitude Assignments.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-6, Approach Interval.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-7-7, TRSA Departure Information.
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