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3.11.5.2.6.2 The back azimuth ground equipment antenna shall normally be located on the extension of the runway
centre line at the threshold end, and the antenna shall be adjusted so that the vertical plane containing the zero degree course
line will contain the back azimuth reference datum.
3.11.5.3 Elevation guidance equipment
3.11.5.3.1 Scanning beam characteristics. The elevation ground equipment antenna shall produce a fan-shaped beam
that is narrow in the vertical plane, broad in the horizontal plane and which is scanned vertically between the limits of the
proportional guidance sector.
3.11.5.3.1.1 Coordinate system. Approach elevation guidance information shall be radiated in conical coordinates.
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
23/11/06 3-94
3.11.5.3.1.2 Antenna beamwidth. The antenna beamwidth shall not exceed 2.5 degrees.
3.11.5.3.1.3 Scanning beam shape. The minus 10-dB points on the beam envelope shall be displayed from the centre
line by at least 0.76 beamwidth but not more than 0.96 beamwidth.
Note.— The beam shape described applies on boresight in a multipath-free environment using a suitable filter.
Information on beam shape and side lobes is provided in Attachment G, 3.1 and 3.2.
3.11.5.3.2 Coverage
Note.— Diagrams illustrating the coverage requirements specified herein are contained in Attachment G, Figure G-10A.
3.11.5.3.2.1 Approach elevation. The approach elevation ground equipment shall provide proportional guidance
information in at least the following volume of space.
3.11.5.3.2.1.1 Approach region.
a) Laterally, within a sector originating at the elevation antenna phase centre which has an angular extent at least equal
to the proportional guidance sector provided by the approach azimuth ground equipment at the longitudinal coverage
limit.
b) Longitudinally, from the elevation antenna in the direction of the approach to 37 km (20 NM) from threshold.
c) Vertically, between:
1) a lower conical surface originating at the elevation antenna phase centre and inclined upward to reach, at the
longitudinal coverage limit, a height of 600 m (2 000 ft) above the horizontal plane which contains the antenna
phase centre; and
2) an upper conical surface originating at the elevation antenna phase centre and inclined 7.5 degrees above the
horizontal up to a height of 6 000 m (20 000 ft).
Note.— When the physical characteristics of the approach region prevent the achievement of the Standards under a), b)
and c) 1), it is intended that guidance need not be provided below the line of sight.
3.11.5.3.2.1.1.1 Recommendation.— The approach elevation ground equipment should provide proportional
guidance to angles greater than 7.5 degrees above the horizontal when necessary to meet operational requirements.
3.11.5.3.2.1.2 Minimum operational coverage region.
a) Laterally, within a sector originating at the MLS datum point, of plus and minus 10 degrees about the runway centre
line;
b) Longitudinally, 75 m (250 ft) from the MLS datum point in the direction of threshold, to the far coverage limit
specified in 3.11.5.3.2.1.1 b);
c) Vertically, between the upper surface specified in 3.11.5.3.2.1.1 c) 2), and the higher of:
1) a surface which is the locus of points 2.5 m (8 ft) above the runway; or
2) a plane originating at the MLS datum point and inclined upward to reach, at the longitudinal coverage limit, the
height of the surface specified in 3.11.5.3.2.1.1 c) 1).
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-95 23/11/06
Note.— Information related to the horizontal radiation pattern of the approach elevation is provided in Attachment G, 3.3.
3.11.5.3.3 Monitor and control
3.11.5.3.3.1 The approach elevation monitor system shall cause the radiation of its respective functions to cease and a
warning shall be provided at the designated control point if any of the following conditions persist for longer than the periods
specified:
a) there is a change in the ground equipment contribution to the mean glide path error component such that the PFE at
the approach reference datum or on any glide path consistent with published approach procedures exceeds the limits
specified in 3.11.4.9.6 and (for simplified MLS configuration) in 3.11.3.4 for a period of more than one second or
(for simplified MLS configuration) for a period of more than six seconds;
b) there is a reduction in the radiated power to less than that necessary to satisfy the requirements specified in
3.11.4.10.1 for a period of more than one second;
c) there is an error in the preamble DPSK transmissions which occurs more than once in any one-second period;
d) there is an error in the TDM synchronization of a particular elevation function such that the requirement specified in
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