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0.5 microsecond (75 m (250 ft)) or more.
3.5.4.7.2.3 Recommendation.— The monitor should cause the actions specified in 3.5.4.7.2.1 if the spacing between
the first and second pulse of the transponder pulse pair differs from the nominal value specified in the table following
3.5.4.4.1 by 1 microsecond or more.
3.5.4.7.2.4 Recommendation.— The monitor should also cause a suitable indication to be given at a control point if
any of the following conditions arise:
a) a fall of 3 dB or more in transponder transmitted power output;
b) a fall of 6 dB or more in the minimum transponder receiver sensitivity (provided that this is not due to the action of
the receiver automatic gain reduction circuits);
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
23/11/06 3-52
c) the spacing between the first and second pulse of the transponder reply pulse pair differs from the normal value
specified in 3.5.4.1.4 by 1 microsecond or more;
d) variation of the transponder receiver and transmitter frequencies beyond the control range of the reference circuits
(if the operating frequencies are not directly crystal controlled).
3.5.4.7.2.5 Means shall be provided so that any of the conditions and malfunctioning enumerated in 3.5.4.7.2.2,
3.5.4.7.2.3 and 3.5.4.7.2.4 which are monitored can persist for a certain period before the monitor takes action. This period
shall be as low as practicable, but shall not exceed 10 seconds, consistent with the need for avoiding interruption, due to
transient effects, of the service provided by the transponder.
3.5.4.7.2.6 The transponder shall not be triggered more than 120 times per second for either monitoring or automatic
frequency control purposes, or both.
3.5.4.7.3 DME/P monitoring action
3.5.4.7.3.1 The monitor system shall cause the transponder radiation to cease and provide a warning at a control point
if any of the following conditions persist for longer than the period specified:
a) there is a change in transponder PFE that exceeds the limits specified in either 3.5.4.5.3 or 3.5.4.5.4 for more than
one second. If the FA mode limit is exceeded, but the IA mode limit is maintained, the IA mode may remain
operative;
b) there is a reduction in the effective radiated power to less than that necessary to satisfy the requirements specified in
3.5.4.1.5.3 for a period of more than one second;
c) there is a reduction of 3 dB or more in the transponder sensitivity necessary to satisfy the requirements specified in
3.5.4.2.3 for a period of more than five seconds in FA mode and ten seconds in IA mode (provided that this is not
due to the action of the receiver automatic sensitivity reduction circuits);
d) the spacing between the first and second pulse of the transponder reply pulse pair differs from the value specified in
the table in 3.5.4.4.1 by 0.25 microsecond or more for a period of more than one second.
3.5.4.7.3.2 Recommendation.— The monitor should cause a suitable indication to be given at a control point if there
is an increase above 0.3 microseconds or a decrease below 0.2 microseconds of the reply pulse partial rise time which
persists for more than one second.
3.5.4.7.3.3 The period during which erroneous guidance information is radiated shall not exceed the periods specified
in 3.5.4.7.3.1. Attempts to clear a fault by resetting the primary ground equipment or by switching to standby ground
equipment, if fitted, shall be completed within this time. If the fault is not cleared within the time allowed, the radiation shall
cease. After shutdown, no attempt shall be made to restore service until a period of 20 seconds has elapsed.
3.5.4.7.3.4 The transponder shall not be triggered for monitoring purposes more than 120 times per second in the IA
mode and 150 times per second in the FA mode.
3.5.4.7.3.5 DME/N and DME/P monitor failure. Failure of any part of the monitor itself shall automatically produce
the same results as the malfunctioning of the element being monitored.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-53 23/11/06
3.5.5 Technical characteristics of interrogator
Note.— The following subparagraphs specify only those interrogator parameters which must be defined to ensure that
the interrogator:
a) does not jeopardize the effective operation of the DME system, e.g. by increasing transponder loading abnormally;
and
b) is capable of giving accurate distance readings.
3.5.5.1 Transmitter
3.5.5.1.1 Frequency of operation. The interrogator shall transmit on the interrogation frequency appropriate to the
assigned DME channel (see 3.5.3.3.3).
Note.— This specification does not preclude the use of airborne interrogators having less than the total number of
operating channels.
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