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some of these frequencies.
3.7.3.4.4.2 Signal spectrum. At least 95 per cent of the broadcast power shall be contained within a ±12 MHz band
centred on the L1 frequency. The bandwidth of the signal transmitted by an SBAS satellite shall be at least 2.2 MHz.
3.7.3.4.4.3 Signal power level. Each SBAS satellite shall broadcast navigation signals with sufficient power
such that, at all unobstructed locations near the ground from which the satellite is observed at an elevation angle of
5 degrees or higher, the level of the received RF signal at the output of a 3 dBi linearly polarized antenna is within
the range of –161 dBW to –153 dBW for all antenna orientations orthogonal to the direction of propagation.
3.7.3.4.4.4 Polarization. The broadcast signal shall be right-hand circularly polarized.
3.7.3.4.4.5 Modulation. The transmitted sequence shall be the Modulo-2 addition of the navigation message at a rate of
500 symbols per second and the 1 023 bit pseudo-random noise code. It shall then be BPSK-modulated onto the carrier at a
rate of 1.023 megachips per second.
3.7.3.4.5 SBAS network time (SNT). The difference between SNT and GPS time shall not exceed 50 nanoseconds.
3.7.3.4.6 Navigation information. The navigation data transmitted by the satellites shall include the necessary
information to determine:
a) SBAS satellite time of transmission;
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b) SBAS satellite position;
c) corrected satellite time for all satellites;
d) corrected satellite position for all satellites;
e) ionospheric propagation delay effects;
f) user position integrity;
g) time transfer to UTC; and
h) service level status.
Note.— Structure and contents of data are specified in Appendix B, 3.5.3 and 3.5.4, respectively.
3.7.3.5 Ground-based augmentation system (GBAS) and ground-based regional augmentation system (GRAS)
Note 1.— Except where specifically annotated, GBAS Standards and Recommended Practices apply to GBAS and GRAS.
Note 2.— Except where specifically annotated, reference to approach with vertical guidance (APV) means APV-I and
APV-II.
3.7.3.5.1 Performance. GBAS combined with one or more of the other GNSS elements and a fault-free GNSS receiver
shall meet the requirements for system accuracy, continuity, availability and integrity for the intended operation as stated in
3.7.2.4.
Note.— GBAS is intended to support all types of approach, landing, departure and surface operations and may support
en-route and terminal operations. GRAS is intended to support en-route, terminal, non-precision approach, departure, and
approach with vertical guidance. The following SARPs are developed to support Category I precision approach, approach
with vertical guidance, and a GBAS positioning service. In order to achieve interoperability and enable efficient spectrum
utilization, it is intended that the data broadcast is the same for all operations.
3.7.3.5.2 Functions. GBAS shall perform the following functions:
a) provide locally relevant pseudo-range corrections;
b) provide GBAS-related data;
c) provide final approach segment data when supporting precision approach;
d) provide predicted ranging source availability data; and
e) provide integrity monitoring for GNSS ranging sources.
Note.— Additional GBAS SARPs will be developed to provide ground-based ranging function.
3.7.3.5.3 Coverage
3.7.3.5.3.1 Category I precision approach and approach with vertical guidance. The GBAS coverage to support each
Category I precision approach or approach with vertical guidance shall be as follows, except where topographical features
dictate and operational requirements permit:
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a) laterally, beginning at 140 m (450 ft) each side of the landing threshold point/fictitious threshold point (LTP/FTP)
and projecting out ±35 degrees either side of the final approach path to 28 km (15 NM) and ±10 degrees either side
of the final approach path to 37 km (20 NM); and
b) vertically, within the lateral region, up to the greater of 7 degrees or 1.75 promulgated glide path angle (GPA) above
the horizontal with an origin at the glide path interception point (GPIP) and 0.45 GPA above the horizontal or to
such lower angle, down to 0.30 GPA, as required, to safeguard the promulgated glide path intercept procedure. This
coverage applies between 30 m (100 ft) and 3 000 m (10 000 ft) height above threshold (HAT).
Note.— LTP/FTP and GPIP are defined in Appendix B, 3.6.4.5.1.
3.7.3.5.3.1.1 Recommendation.— For Category I precision approach, the data broadcast as specified in 3.7.3.5.4
should extend down to 3.7 m (12 ft) above the runway surface.
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