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Flare elevation guidance 39 ± 1.5
Basic data see Appendix A, Table A-7
Auxiliary data see Appendix A, Tables A-10 and A-12
3.11.4.3.3.1 Recommendation.— When the proportional guidance sector is not greater than plus or minus 40 degrees
and a need for flare elevation or other growth functions at that facility is not anticipated, the high rate approach azimuth
function should be used.
Note.— Application information is contained in Attachment G, 2.3.3.
3.11.4.3.4 Function timing. Timing standards for each angle and data function shall be as specified in Appendix A,
Tables A-1 through A-6 and A-8. The ground equipment internal timing accuracy of each listed event including jitter shall be
the specified nominal value plus or minus 2 microseconds. The timing jitter shall be less than 1 microsecond root mean
square (RMS).
Note 1.— The timing of each listed event indicates the beginning of the event time slot and the end of the previous event
time slot. The characteristics and timing of the actual transmissions are as specified in the applicable paragraphs.
Note 2.— Information on the measurement of the timing accuracy is contained in Attachment G, 2.2.2.
3.11.4.3.5 Function sequence. The time interval between repetitive transmissions of any one function shall be varied in
a manner which provides protection from synchronous interference.
Note 1.— Each function transmission is an independent entity which can occur in any position in the TDM sequence
(with the exception that back azimuth must be preceded by basic data word 2).
Note 2.— Some sequences which have demonstrated protection from synchronous interference are illustrated in
Attachment G, 2.1.4.
3.11.4.4 Preamble
3.11.4.4.1 A preamble signal shall be transmitted throughout the applicable coverage sector to identify the particular
function to follow. The preamble shall consist of a radio frequency carrier acquisition period, a receiver reference time code,
and a function identification code. The timing of the preamble transmissions shall be as specified in Appendix A, Table A-1.
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
23/11/06 3-78
3.11.4.4.2 Carrier acquisition. The preamble transmission shall begin with a period of unmodulated radio frequency
carrier as specified in Appendix A, Table A-1.
3.11.4.4.3 Modulation and coding
3.11.4.4.3.1 Differential phase shift keying (DPSK). The preamble codes and the basic and auxiliary data signals
specified in 3.11.4.8 shall be transmitted by DPSK of the radio frequency carrier. A “zero” shall be represented by a 0
degrees plus or minus 10 degrees phase shift and a “one” shall be represented by a 180 degrees plus or minus 10 degrees
phase shift. The modulation rate shall be 15 625 bauds. The internal timing accuracy of the DPSK transition shall be as
specified in 3.11.4.3.4. There shall be no amplitude modulation applied during the phase transition. The transition time shall
not exceed 10 microseconds, and the phase shall advance or retard monotonically throughout the transition region.
3.11.4.4.3.2 Receiver reference time. All preambles shall contain the receiver reference time code, 11101 (bits I1 to I5).
The time of the last phase transition midpoint in the code shall be the receiver reference time. The receiver reference time
code shall be validated by decoding a valid function identification immediately following the receiver reference time code.
3.11.4.4.3.3 Function identification. A code for function identification shall follow the receiver reference time code.
This code shall consist of the five information bits (I6 to I10) allowing identification of 31 different functions, plus two parity
bits (I11 and I12) as shown in the following table:
Code
Function I6 I7 I8 I9 I10 I11 I12
Approach azimuth 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
High rate approach azimuth 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
Approach elevation 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
Flare elevation 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
Back azimuth 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
360° azimuth 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
Basic data 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Basic data 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
Basic data 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Basic data 4 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
Basic data 5 1 1 0 1 1 0 0
Basic data 6 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
Auxiliary data A 1 1 1 0 0 1 0
Auxiliary data B 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
Auxiliary data C 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
Note.— The function identification codes have been chosen so that parity bits I11 and I12 satisfy the equations:
I6 + I7 + I8 + I9 + I10 + I11 = EVEN
I6 + I8 + I10 + I12 = EVEN
3.11.4.5 Angle guidance parameters. Angle guidance information shall be encoded by the amount of time separation
between the centres of the received TO and FRO scanning beam main lobes. The coding shall be interpreted in the airborne
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