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about the centre line of the runway. Alternatively, if the equipment is aligned to scan 15 degrees to one side and 5 degrees to
the other side of the centre line of the runway, then the minimum set-back can be reduced to 685 m (2 250 ft) and 915 m
(3 000 ft) for offsets of 120 m (400 ft) and 185 m (600 ft) respectively.
Note 2.— Diagrams illustrating the siting of PAR are given in Attachment C (Figures C-14 to C-17 inclusive).
3.2.3.3 Accuracy
3.2.3.3.1 Azimuth accuracy. Azimuth information shall be displayed in such a manner that left-right deviation from the
on-course line shall be easily observable. The maximum permissible error with respect to the deviation from the on-course
line shall be either 0.6 per cent of the distance from the PAR antenna plus 10 per cent of the deviation from the on-course line
or 9 m (30 ft), whichever is greater. The equipment shall be so sited that the error at the touchdown shall not exceed 9 m
(30 ft). The equipment shall be so aligned and adjusted that the displayed error at the touchdown shall be a minimum and
shall not exceed 0.3 per cent of the distance from the PAR antenna or 4.5 m (15 ft), whichever is greater. It shall be possible
to resolve the positions of two aircraft which are at 1.2 degrees in azimuth of one another.
3.2.3.3.2 Elevation accuracy. Elevation information shall be displayed in such a manner that up-down deviation from
the descent path for which the equipment is set shall be easily observable. The maximum permissible error with respect to the
deviation from the on-course line shall be 0.4 per cent of the distance from the PAR antenna plus 10 per cent of the actual
linear displacement from the chosen descent path or 6 m (20 ft), whichever is greater. The equipment shall be so sited that the
error at the touchdown shall not exceed 6 m (20 ft). The equipment shall be so aligned and adjusted that the displayed error at
the touchdown shall be a minimum and shall not exceed 0.2 per cent of the distance from the PAR antenna or 3 m (10 ft),
whichever is greater. It shall be possible to resolve the positions of two aircraft that are at 0.6 degree in elevation of one
another.
3.2.3.3.3 Distance accuracy. The error in indication of the distance from the touchdown shall not exceed 30 m (100 ft)
plus 3 per cent of the distance from the touchdown. It shall be possible to resolve the positions of two aircraft which are at
120 m (400 ft) of one another on the same azimuth.
3.2.3.4 Information shall be made available to permit the position of the controlled aircraft to be established with
respect to other aircraft and obstructions. Indications shall also permit appreciation of ground speed and rate of departure
from or approach to the desired flight path.
3.2.3.5 Information shall be completely renewed at least once every second.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-27 23/11/06
3.2.4 The surveillance radar element (SRE)
3.2.4.1 A surveillance radar used as the SRE of a precision approach radar system shall satisfy at least the following
broad performance requirements.
3.2.4.2 Coverage
3.2.4.2.1 The SRE shall be capable of detecting aircraft of 15 m2 echoing area and larger, which are in line of sight of
the antenna within a volume described as follows:
The rotation through 360 degrees about the antenna of a vertical plane surface bounded by a line at an angle of
1.5 degrees above the horizontal plane of the antenna, extending from the antenna to 37 km (20 NM); by a vertical line at
37 km (20 NM) from the intersection with the 1.5-degree line up to 2 400 m (8 000 ft) above the level of the antenna; by a
horizontal line at 2 400 m (8 000 ft) from 37 km (20 NM) back towards the antenna to the intersection with a line from the
antenna at 20 degrees above the horizontal plane of the antenna, and by a 20-degree line from the intersection with the
2 400 m (8 000 ft) line to the antenna.
3.2.4.2.2 Recommendation.— Efforts should be made in development to increase the coverage on an aircraft of 15 m2
echoing area to at least the volume obtained by amending 3.2.4.2.1 with the following substitutions:
— for 1.5 degrees, read 0.5 degree;
— for 37 km (20 NM), read 46.3 km (25 NM);
— for 2 400 m (8 000 ft), read 3 000 m (10 000 ft);
— for 20 degrees, read 30 degrees.
Note.— A diagram illustrating the vertical coverage of SRE is given in Attachment C (Figure C-18).
3.2.4.3 Accuracy
3.2.4.3.1 Azimuth accuracy. The indication of position in azimuth shall be within plus or minus 2 degrees of the true
position. It shall be possible to resolve the positions of two aircraft which are at 4 degrees of azimuth of one another.
3.2.4.3.2 Distance accuracy. The error in distance indication shall not exceed 5 per cent of true distance or 150 m
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