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carriers is given in 2.7 of Attachment C.
Note 3.— Guidance material on measurement of localizer displacement sensitivity is given in 2.9 of Attachment C.
3.1.3.7.4 The increase of DDM shall be substantially linear with respect to angular displacement from the front course
line (where DDM is zero) up to an angle on either side of the front course line where the DDM is 0.180. From that angle to
plus or minus 10 degrees, the DDM shall not be less than 0.180. From plus or minus 10 degrees to plus or minus 35 degrees,
the DDM shall not be less than 0.155. Where coverage is required outside of the plus or minus 35 degrees sector, the DDM in
the area of the coverage, except in the back course sector, shall not be less than 0.155.
Note 1.— The linearity of change of DDM with respect to angular displacement is particularly important in the
neighbourhood of the course line.
Note 2.— The above DDM in the 10-35 degree sector is to be considered a minimum requirement for the use of ILS as a
landing aid. Wherever practicable, a higher DDM, e.g. 0.180, is advantageous to assist high speed aircraft to execute large
angle intercepts at operationally desirable distances provided that limits on modulation percentage given in 3.1.3.5.3.6
are met.
Note 3.— Wherever practicable, the localizer capture level of automatic flight control systems is to be set at or below
0.175 DDM in order to prevent false localizer captures.
3.1.3.8 Voice
3.1.3.8.1 Facility Performance Categories I and II localizers may provide a ground-to-air radiotelephone
communication channel to be operated simultaneously with the navigation and identification signals, provided that such
operation shall not interfere in any way with the basic localizer function.
3.1.3.8.2 Category III localizers shall not provide such a channel, except where extreme care has been taken in the
design and operation of the facility to ensure that there is no possibility of interference with the navigational guidance.
3.1.3.8.3 If the channel is provided, it shall conform with the following Standards:
3.1.3.8.3.1 The channel shall be on the same radio frequency carrier or carriers as used for the localizer function, and
the radiation shall be horizontally polarized. Where two carriers are modulated with speech, the relative phases of the
modulations on the two carriers shall be such as to avoid the occurrence of nulls within the coverage of the localizer.
3.1.3.8.3.2 The peak modulation depth of the carrier or carriers due to the radiotelephone communications shall not
exceed 50 per cent but shall be adjusted so that:
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-11 23/11/06
a) the ratio of peak modulation depth due to the radiotelephone communications to that due to the identification signal
is approximately 9:1;
b) the sum of modulation components due to use of the radiotelephone channel, navigation signals and identification
signals shall not exceed 95 per cent.
3.1.3.8.3.3 The audio frequency characteristics of the radiotelephone channel shall be flat to within 3 dB relative to the
level at 1 000 Hz over the range 300 Hz to 3 000 Hz.
3.1.3.9 Identification
3.1.3.9.1 The localizer shall provide for the simultaneous transmission of an identification signal, specific to the
runway and approach direction, on the same radio frequency carrier or carriers as used for the localizer function. The
transmission of the identification signal shall not interfere in any way with the basic localizer function.
3.1.3.9.2 The identification signal shall be produced by Class A2A modulation of the radio frequency carrier or carriers
using a modulation tone of 1 020 Hz within plus or minus 50 Hz. The depth of modulation shall be between the limits of 5
and 15 per cent except that, where a radiotelephone communication channel is provided, the depth of modulation shall be
adjusted so that the ratio of peak modulation depth due to radiotelephone communications to that due to the identification
signal modulation is approximately 9:1 (see 3.1.3.8.3.2). The emissions carrying the identification signal shall be horizontally
polarized. Where two carriers are modulated with identification signals, the relative phase of the modulations shall be such as
to avoid the occurrence of nulls within the coverage of the localizer.
3.1.3.9.3 The identification signal shall employ the International Morse Code and consist of two or three letters. It may
be preceded by the International Morse Code signal of the letter “I”, followed by a short pause where it is necessary to
distinguish the ILS facility from other navigational facilities in the immediate area.
3.1.3.9.4 The identification signal shall be transmitted by dots and dashes at a speed corresponding to approximately
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