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propagation and random pulse interference effects.
3.5.3.1.3.2 DME/N accuracy. Recommendation.— At distances of from zero to 370 km (200 NM) from the
transponder, dependent upon the particular service application, the total system error, excluding reading error, should be
not greater than plus or minus 460 m (0.25 NM) plus 1.25 per cent of distance measured.
‡3.5.3.1.3.3 The total system error shall not exceed plus or minus 370 m (0.2 NM).
Note 1.— This system accuracy is predicated upon the achievement of an airborne interrogator error contribution of not
more than plus or minus 315 m (0.17 NM).
Note 2.— In mixed DME/N and DME/P operations it is intended that the achieved accuracy be at least that in 3.5.3.1.3.2.
3.5.3.1.3.4 DME/P accuracy
Note 1.— In the following, two accuracy standards, 1 and 2, are stated for the DME/P to accommodate a variety of
applications.
Note 2.— Guidance on accuracy standards is given in Attachment C, 7.3.2.
3.5.3.1.3.4.1 Error components. The path following error (PFE) shall be comprised of those frequency components of
the DME/P error at the output of the interrogator which lie below 1.5 rad/s. The control motion noise (CMN) shall be
comprised of those frequency components of the DME/P error at the output of the interrogator which lie between 0.5 rad/s
and 10 rad/s.
Note.— Specified error limits at a point are to be applied over a flight path that includes that point. Information on the
interpretation of DME/P errors and the measurement of those errors over an interval appropriate for flight inspection is
provided in Attachment C, 7.3.6.1.
3.5.3.1.3.4.2 Errors on the extended runway centre line shall not exceed the values given in Table B at the end of this
chapter.
3.5.3.1.3.4.3 In the approach sector, away from the extended runway centre line, the allowable PFE for both standard 1
and standard 2 shall be permitted to increase linearly with angle up to plus or minus 40 degrees MLS azimuth angle where
the permitted error is 1.5 times that on the extended runway centre line at the same distance. The allowable CMN shall not
increase with angle. There shall be no degradation of either PFE or CMN with elevation angle.
Chapter 3 Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications
3-41 23/11/06
3.5.3.2 Radio frequencies and polarization. The system shall operate with vertical polarization in the frequency band
960 MHz to 1 215 MHz. The interrogation and reply frequencies shall be assigned with 1MHz spacing between channels.
3.5.3.3 Channelling
3.5.3.3.1 DME operating channels shall be formed by pairing interrogation and reply frequencies and by pulse coding
on the paired frequencies.
3.5.3.3.2 Pulse coding. DME/P channels shall have two different interrogation pulse codes as shown in the table in
3.5.4.4.1. One shall be used in the initial approach (IA) mode; the other shall be used in the final approach (FA) mode.
3.5.3.3.3 DME operating channels shall be chosen from Table A (located at the end of this chapter), of 352 channels in
which the channel numbers, frequencies, and pulse codes are assigned.
3.5.3.3.4 Area channel assignment
3.5.3.3.4.1 In a particular area, the number of DME operating channels to be used shall be decided regionally.
Note.— Standards and Recommended Practices on the utilization of the DME frequency band 960-1 215 MHz are found
in Volume V, Chapter 4.
3.5.3.3.4.2 The specific DME operating channels to be assigned in such a particular area shall also be decided
regionally, taking into consideration the requirements for co-channel and adjacent channel protection.
3.5.3.3.4.3 Recommendation.— Coordination of regional DME channel assignments should be effected through
ICAO.
Note.— The above paragraphs permit the use of DME airborne interrogators having less than the total number of
operating channels where so desired.
3.5.3.3.5 Channel pairing. When a DME transponder is intended to operate in association with a single VHF
navigation facility in the 108 MHz to 117.95 MHz frequency band and/or an MLS angle facility in the 5 031.0 MHz to
5 090.7 MHz frequency band, the DME operating channel shall be paired with the VHF channel and/or MLS angle frequency
as given in Table A.
Note.— There may be instances when a DME will be paired with both the ILS frequency and an MLS channel (see
Volume V, Chapter 4, 4.3).
3.5.3.4 Interrogation pulse repetition frequency
Note.— If the interrogator operates on more than one channel in one second, the following specifications apply to the
sum of interrogations on all channels.
3.5.3.4.1 DME/N. The interrogator average pulse repetition frequency (PRF) shall not exceed 30 pairs of pulses per
second, based on the assumption that at least 95 per cent of the time is occupied for tracking.
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