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a) With distance. The PFE limit and PFN limit, expressed in angular terms at 37 km (20 NM) from the runway
threshold on the minimum glide path, shall be 0.2 degree. The CMN limit shall be 0.1 degree at 37 km (20 NM)
from the approach reference datum along the extended runway centre line at the minimum glide path angle.
b) With azimuth angle. The PFE limit and PFN limit, expressed in angular terms at plus or minus 40 degrees azimuth
angle, shall be 1.3 times the value on the extended runway centre line at the same distance from the approach
reference datum. The CMN limit, expressed in angular terms at plus or minus 40 degrees azimuth angle, shall be 1.3
times the value on the extended runway centre line at the same distance from the approach reference datum.
c) With elevation angle. For elevation angles above the minimum glide path or 3 degrees, whichever is less and up to
the maximum of the proportional guidance coverage and at the locus of points directly above the approach reference
datum the PFE limit, PFN limit and the CMN limit expressed in angular terms shall be allowed to degrade linearly
such that at an elevation angle of 15 degrees the limits are 2 times the value specified at the reference datum. In no
case shall the CMN directly above the reference datum exceed plus or minus 0.07 degree. For other regions of
coverage within the angular sector from an elevation angle equivalent to the minimum glide path up to the
maximum angle of proportional coverage, the degradations with distance and azimuth angle specified in a) and b)
shall apply.
d) The PFE, PFN and CMN limits shall not degrade with elevation angle in the region between the minimum glide path
and 60 per cent of the minimum glide path. For elevation angles below 60 per cent of the minimum glide path and
down to the limit of coverage specified in 3.11.5.3.2.1.2, and at the locus of points directly below the approach
reference datum the PFE limit, the PFN limit and the CMN limit expressed in angular terms, shall be allowed to
increase linearly to 6 times the value at the approach reference datum. For other regions of coverage within the
angular sector from an elevation angle equivalent to 60 per cent of the minimum glide path angle value, and down to
the limit of coverage, the degradation with distance and azimuth angle specified in a) and b) shall apply. In no case
shall the PFE be allowed to exceed 0.8 degree, or the CMN be allowed to exceed 0.4 degree.
Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume I
23/11/06 3-88
e) Maximum CMN. For elevation angles above 60 per cent of the minimum glide path, the CMN limits shall not exceed
0.2 degree in any region of coverage.
3.11.4.9.6.2 Maximum angular PFE and PFN. In any region within coverage, the angular error limits for elevation
angles above 60 per cent of the minimum glide path shall be as follows:
a) the PFE shall not exceed plus or minus 0.25 degree; and
b) the PFN shall not exceed plus or minus 0.15 degree.
3.11.4.9.6.3 Recommendation.— The limit expressed in angular terms on the linear degradation of the PFE limit, the
PFN limit and the CMN limit at angles below 60 per cent of the minimum glide path and down to the limit of coverage should
be 3 times the value permitted at the approach reference datum.
Note.— For other regions of coverage within the angular sector from an elevation angle equivalent to 60 per cent of the
minimum glide path and down to the limit of coverage, the degradation with distance and azimuth angle specified in
3.11.4.9.6.1 a) and b) applies.
3.11.4.9.6.4 Recommendation.— Maximum CMN. For elevation angles above 60 per cent of the minimum glide path,
the CMN limits should not exceed 0.1 degree in any region of coverage.
3.11.4.9.6.5 Recommendation.— The PFE should not exceed 0.35 degree, and the CMN should not exceed 0.2 degree.
3.11.4.9.6.6 Approach elevation equipment sited to provide a minimum glide path higher than 3 degrees shall provide
angular accuracies not less than those specified for equipment sited for a 3-degree minimum glide path within the coverage
volume.
3.11.4.10 Power density
3.11.4.10.1 The power density for DPSK, clearance and angle guidance signals shall be at least the values shown in the
following table under all operational weather conditions at any point within coverage except as specified in 3.11.4.10.2.
DPSK Angle signals (dBW/m2) Clearance
signals 1° 2° 3° signals
Function (dBW/m2) (antenna beamwidth) (dBW/m2)
Approach azimuth guidance –89.5 –85.7 –79.7 –76.2 –88.0
High rate approach azimuth guidance –89.5 –88.0 –84.5 –81.0 –88.0
Back azimuth guidance –89.5 –88.0 –82.7 –79.2 –88.0
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