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limitations and frequency congestion may also be a
factor in limiting the controller's capability to
provide additional service.
5. It is very important, therefore, that the request
for deviation or radar vector be forwarded to ATC as
far in advance as possible. Delay in submitting it may
delay or even preclude ATC approval or require that
additional restrictions be placed on the clearance.
Insofar as possible the following information should
be furnished to ATC when requesting clearance to
detour around weather activity:
(a) Proposed point where detour will
commence.
(b) Proposed route and extent of detour
(direction and distance).
(c) Point where original route will be
resumed.
(d) Flight conditions (IFR or VFR).
(e) Any further deviation that may become
necessary as the flight progresses.
(f) Advise if the aircraft is equipped with
functioning airborne radar.
6. To a large degree, the assistance that might be
rendered by ATC will depend upon the weather
information available to controllers. Due to the
extremely transitory nature of severe weather
situations, the controller's weather information may
be of only limited value if based on weather observed
on radar only. Frequent updates by pilots giving
specific information as to the area affected, altitudes,
intensity and nature of the severe weather can be of
considerable value. Such reports are relayed by radio
or phone to other pilots and controllers and also
receive widespread teletypewriter dissemination.
7. Obtaining IFR clearance or an ATC radar
vector to circumnavigate severe weather can often be
accommodated more readily in the en route areas
away from terminals because there is usually less
congestion and, therefore, offer greater freedom of
action. In terminal areas, the problem is more acute
because of traffic density, ATC coordination
requirements, complex departure and arrival routes,
adjacent airports, etc. As a consequence, controllers
are less likely to be able to accommodate all requests
for weather detours in a terminal area or be in a
position to volunteer such routing to the pilot.
Nevertheless, pilots should not hesitate to advise
controllers of any observed severe weather and
should specifically advise controllers if they desire
circumnavigation of observed weather.
c. Procedures for Weather Deviations and
Other Contingencies in Oceanic Controlled
Airspace.
1. When the pilot initiates communications with
ATC, rapid response may be obtained by stating
“WEATHER DEVIATION REQUIRED” to indicate
priority is desired on the frequency and for ATC
response.
2. The pilot still retains the option of initiating
the communications using the urgency call “PANPAN”
3 times to alert all listening parties of a special
handling condition which will receive ATC priority
for issuance of a clearance or assistance.
3. ATC will:
(a) Approve the deviation.
(b) Provide vertical separation and then
approve the deviation; or
(c) If ATC is unable to establish vertical
separation, ATC shall advise the pilot that standard
separation cannot be applied; provide essential traffic
2/14/08 AIM
Meteorology 7-1-37
information for all affected aircraft, to the extent
practicable; and if possible, suggest a course of
action. ATC may suggest that the pilot climb or
descend to a contingency altitude (1,000 feet above or
below that assigned if operating above FL 290;
500feet above or below that assigned if operating at
or below FL 290).
PHRASEOLOGYSTANDARD
SEPARATION NOT AVAILABLE, DEVIATE
AT PILOT'S DISCRETION; SUGGEST CLIMB (or
descent) TO (appropriate altitude); TRAFFIC (position
and altitude); REPORT DEVIATION COMPLETE.
4. The pilot will follow the ATC advisory
altitude when approximately 10 NM from track as
well as execute the procedures detailed in paragraph
7-1-14c5.
5. If contact cannot be established or revised
ATC clearance or advisory is not available and
deviation from track is required, the pilot shall take
the following actions:
(a) If possible, deviate away from an
organized track or route system.
(b) Broadcast aircraft position and intentions
on the frequency in use, as well as on frequency
121.5MHz at suitable intervals stating: flight
identification (operator call sign), flight level, track
code or ATS route designator, and extent of deviation
expected.
(c) Watch for conflicting traffic both visually
and by reference to TCAS (if equipped).
(d) Turn on aircraft exterior lights.
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