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follows: local control and approach control positions may
opt to broadcast SIGMET or CWA alerts only when any
part of the area described is within 50 miles of the airspace
under their jurisdiction.
b. Hazardous Inflight Weather Advisory Service
(HIWAS). This is a continuous broadcast of
inflight weather advisories including summarized
AWW, SIGMETs, Convective SIGMETs, CWAs,
AIRMETs, and urgent PIREPs. HIWAS has been
adopted as a national program and will be
implemented throughout the conterminous U.S. as
resources permit. In those areas where HIWAS is
commissioned, ARTCC, Terminal ATC, and AFSS/
FSS facilities have discontinued the broadcast of
inflight advisories as described in the preceding
paragraph. HIWAS is an additional source of
hazardous weather information which makes these
data available on a continuous basis. It is not,
however, a replacement for preflight or inflight
briefings or real‐time weather updates from Flight
Watch (EFAS). As HIWAS is implemented in
individual center areas, the commissioning will be
advertised in the Notices to Airmen Publication.
1. Where HIWAS has been implemented, a
HIWAS alert will be broadcast on all except
emergency frequencies once upon receipt by ARTCC
and terminal facilities, which will include an alert
announcement, frequency instruction, number, and
type of advisory updated; e.g., AWW, SIGMET,
Convective SIGMET, or CWA.
EXAMPLEAttention
all aircraft. Hazardous weather information
(SIGMET, Convective SIGMET, AIRMET, Urgent Pilot
Weather Report (UUA), or Center Weather Advisory
(CWA), Number or Numbers) for (geographical area)
available on HIWAS, Flight Watch, or Flight Service
frequencies.
2. In HIWAS ARTCC areas, AFSS/FSSs will
broadcast a HIWAS update announcement once on all
except emergency frequencies upon completion of
recording an update to the HIWAS broadcast.
Included in the broadcast will be the type of advisory
updated; e.g., AWW, SIGMET, Convective
SIGMET, CWA, etc.
EXAMPLEAttention
all aircraft. Hazardous weather information for
(geographical area) available from Flight Watch or Flight
Service.
3. HIWAS availability is shown on IFR Enroute
Low Altitude Charts and VFR Sectional Charts. The
symbol depiction is identified in the chart legend.
2/14/08 AIM
Meteorology 7-1-21
7-1-11. Flight Information Services (FIS)
a. FIS. Aviation weather and other operational
information may be displayed in the cockpit through
the use of FIS. FIS systems are of two basic types:
Broadcast only systems (called FIS-B) and two-way
request/reply systems. Broadcast system components
include a ground- or space-based transmitter, an
aircraft receiver, and a portable or installed cockpit
display device. Two-way systems utilize transmitter/
receivers at both the ground- or space-based site and
the aircraft.
1. Broadcast FIS (i.e., FIS-B) allows the pilot to
passively collect weather and other operational data
and to display that data at the appropriate time. In
addition to textual weather products such as Aviation
Routine Weather Reports (METARs)/ Aviation
Selected Special Weather Reports (SPECIs) and
Terminal Area Forecasts (TAFs), graphical weather
products such as radar composite/mosaic images,
temporary flight restricted airspace and other
NOTAMs may be provided to the cockpit. Two-way
FIS services permit the pilot to make specific weather
and other operational information requests for
cockpit display. A FIS service provider will then
prepare a reply in response to that specific request and
transmit the product to that specific aircraft.
2. FIS services are available from four types of
service providers:
(a) A private sector FIS provider operating
under service agreement with the FAA using
broadcast data link over VHF aeronautical spectrum
and whose products have been reviewed and accepted
by the FAA prior to transmission. (Products and
services are defined under subparagraph c.)
(b) Through an FAA operated service using a
broadcast data link on the ADS-B UAT network.
(Products and services are defined under subparagraph
d.)
(c) Private sector FIS providers operating
under customer contracts using aeronautical spectrum.
(d) Private sector FIS providers operating
under customer contract using methods other than
aeronautical spectrum, including Internet data-tothe-
cockpit service providers.
3. FIS is a method of receiving aviation weather
and other operational data in the cockpit that
augments traditional pilot voice communication with
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