曝光台 注意防骗
网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者
equally to various kinds of projects and program (including developmental, NDI, or COTS acquisitions).
The purpose of this process is to place these essential ingredients into the project specifications so that human
performance capabilities and limitations will be incorporated in the project in a binding manner.
17.3.1 Project Specifications
From a human performance perspective, the project specification will have the most significant impact
on system design and safety. It states the technical and mission performance requirements for a system
as an entity, allocates requirements to functional areas, documents design constraints, and defines the
interfaces between or among the functional areas. To achieve the design objective in a manner that
FAA System Safety Handbook, Chapter 17: Human Factors Principles & Practices
August 2, 2000
17 - 8
results in a safe, efficient, usable system for the lowest possible expenditure of resources, the human
performance constraints and requirements need to be placed into the system specification.
17.3.2 Generate Human Factors Requirements in a Statement of Work
In simple terms, the Statement of Work (SOW) identifies the work the sponsor wants the contractor to
perform, the CDRL specifies the data to be provided to the sponsor for a specific contract, and the DID
specifies the format and content of the data to be submitted to the Sponsor. The objective of the human
factors effort is to integrate all elements of the project involving human performance and safety, and to
influence project design so as to optimize total system effectiveness. The objective of this human
factors task is to translate these human performance design and integration activities to the contractor
as clear, unambiguous requirements in a contractually binding way. Human factors contractual
requirements, through the SOW, CDRLs, and DIDs, are the critical elements to achieve design and
development conformance.
A good SOW starts with an understanding of what the sponsor wants the contractor to do. The
starting point for determining human factors requirements for inclusion in the SOW is a review of
human factors requirements in the early project documentation (such as requirements documents,
program baselines, and program plans) to identify human factors issues that must be resolved, and
tasks and analyses that must be conducted by the contractor to ensure that human performance goals
are met.
Essential human factors elements that must be addressed by the requirements in the SOW include:
· Limits to the skill level and characteristics of operator, maintainer, and support personnel
· Maximum acceptable training burden
· Minimum acceptable performance of critical tasks
· Acceptable staffing limits
· System safety and health hazards
The contractor’s response to these requirements will result in a comprehensive human factors program
for the system that defines the management and technical aspects of the effort. The response should
also address the scheduling of key events and their timing in relation to other system engineering
activities. The contractor’s program must demonstrate how it effectively integrates human factors with
their design and development process.
The scope and level of effort to be applied to the various human factors tasks and activities must be
tailored to suit the type of system being acquired and the phase of development. The SOW should
describe the specific task or activity required and the associated data deliverable. Human factors
reviews and demonstrations should be planned and conducted to coordinate and verify that
requirements are being met. The contractor should convincingly indicate how human performance data
would influence system lifecycle design and support.
17.3.3 Human Factors in Data Item Descriptions
A Data Item Description (DID) describes the format and content of the data that is to be provided to
the Sponsor as required by the SOW and CRDL. The DID should be tailored to require only those
FAA System Safety Handbook, Chapter 17: Human Factors Principles & Practices
August 2, 2000
17 - 9
items that are pertinent to the project being acquired, and what is necessary to allow the human factors
engineer sufficient information to assess the quality and suitability of the contractor’s human factors
effort. The Human Factors Coordinator should prepare a list of human factors-related DIDs applicable
to the project being acquired and provide them for inclusion in the SOW.
17.3.4 Human Factors in Contract Data Requirements Lists
The purpose of the CDRL is to describe all of the items that are required to be delivered under the
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
本文链接地址：
System Safety Handbook系统安全手册上(74)
