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teamwork
· Procedures: Design of operation and maintenance procedures for simplicity and consistency with the
desired human-system interface functions
· Anthropometrics: System design accommodation of personnel (e.g., from the 5th through 95th
percentile levels of the human physical characteristics) represented in the user population
· Documentation: Preparation of user documentation and technical manuals (including any electronic
HELP functions) in a suitable format of information presentation, at the appropriate reading level, and with
the required degree of technical sophistication and clarity
· Environment: Accommodation of environmental factors (including extremes) to which it will be
subjected and their effects on human-system performance
17.1.5 The Role of the Human Factors Coordinator
The Human Factors Coordinator (HFC) provides the support for the integration of human factors
engineering in the program. The HFC helps to initiate, structure, direct, and monitor the human factors
efforts. The HFC serves to identify, define, analyze, and report on human performance and human
factors engineering considerations to ensure they are incorporated in investment decisions. Typical
human-system performance and human factors engineering studies and analyses conducted, sponsored,
or supported by the HFC include requirements analyses, baselines performance studies, trade-off
FAA System Safety Handbook, Chapter 17: Human Factors Principles & Practices
August 2, 2000
17 - 5
determinations, alternative analyses, lifecycle cost estimates, cost-benefit analyses, risk assessments,
supportability assessments, and operational suitability assessments. The HFC helps identify system
specific and aggregate technical human factors engineering problems and issues that might otherwise
go undetected for their obscurity, complexity, or elaborate inter-relationships. The human performance
considerations are developed for staffing levels, operator and maintainer skills, training strategies,
human-computer interface, human engineering design features, safety and health issues, and workload
and operational performance considerations in procedures and other human-system interfaces. The
HFC facilitates the establishment of the necessary tools, techniques, methods, databases, metrics,
measures, criteria, and lessons learned to conduct human factors analyses in investment analysis
activities. The HFC provides technical quality control of human factors products, participates in
special working groups, assists in team reviews, helps prepare documentation, and collaborates on
technical exchanges among government and contractor personnel.
Human factors considerations relevant to meeting system performance and functional requirements
(and having safety implications) include:
· Human performance (e.g., human capabilities and limitations, workload, function allocation,
hardware and software design, decision aids, environmental constraints, and team versus individual
performance)
· Training (e.g., length of training, training effectiveness, retraining, training devices and facilities,
and embedded training)
· Staffing (e.g., staffing levels, team composition, and organizational structure)
· Personnel selection (e.g., minimum skill levels, special skills, and experience levels)
· Safety and health aspects (e.g., hazardous materials or conditions, system or equipment design,
operational or procedural constraints, biomedical influences, protective equipment, and required
warnings and alarms).
The HFC provides input to the acquisition program baseline by conducting the following activities:
· Determine the human factors cost, benefit, schedule, and performance baselines for each candidate
solution
· Identify the human factors and human performance measures and thresholds to be achieved (e.g.,
for the equipment, software, environment, support concepts, and configurations expected for the
solution)
· Determine the human factors activities to be undertaken during the program, the schedule for
conducting them, their relative priority, and the expected costs to be incurred
· Calculate or estimate the relative or absolute benefits of the human factors component of each
solution in terms of decision criteria (e.g., cost, schedule, human-system performance)
17.1.6 Major Management Actions
Human factors professionals can assist in applying human factors information related to human
resources management, training, safety, health hazards, and human engineering. The human factors
process consists of four management actions:
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System Safety Handbook系统安全手册上(72)
