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as a suffix as follows:
a) F — to indicate that on the route or portion
thereof advisory service only is provided;
b) G — to indicate that on the route or portion
thereof flight information service only is
provided;
c) Y — for RNP 1 routes at and above FL 200
to indicate that all turns on the route
between 30° and 90° must be made within
the tolerance of a tangential arc between the
straight leg segments defined with a radius
of 22.5 NM.
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d) Z — for RNP 1 routes at and below FL 190
to indicate that all turns on the route
between 30° and 90° shall be made within
the tolerance of a tangential arc between the
straight leg segments defined with a radius
of 15 NM.
USE OF DESIGNATORS IN COMMUNICATIONS
In voice communications, the basic letter of a designator should be spoken in accordance with the ICAO
spelling alphabet. Where the prefixes K, U or S, specified in 2., above, are used in voice communications,
they should be pronounced as:
K = “Kopter” U = “Upper” S = “Supersonic”
as in the English language.
Where suffixes “F”, “G”, “Y” or “Z” specified in 3.,
above, are used, the flight crew should not be required
to use them in voice communications.
Example:
A11 will be spoken Alfa Eleven
UR5 will be spoken Upper Romeo Five
KB34 will be spoken Kopter Bravo Thirty Four
UW456 F will be spoken Upper Whiskey Four Fifty Six
Figure 3-36 depicts published RNAV routes in the
Gulf of Mexico (black Q100, Q102, and Q105) that
have been added to straighten out the flight segments
and provide an alternative method of navigation to the
LF airway (brown G26), that has since been terminated in this case. The “Q” designation is derived from
the list of basic route designators previously covered,
and correlates with the description for RNAV routes
that do not form part of the regional networks of ATS
routes. Notice the indirect reference to the RNAV
requirement, with the note, “Navigational Equipment
Other than LF or VHF Required.”
Notice in Figure 3-37 that this en route chart
excerpt depicts three published RNAV jet routes,
J804R, J888R, and J996R. The “R” suffix is a supplementary route designator denoting an RNAV
route. The overlapping symbols for the AMOTT
intersection and waypoint indicate that AMOTT
can be identified by conventional navigation or by
latitude and longitude coordinates. Although coordinates were originally included for aircraft equipped
with INS systems, they are now a good way to cross
check between the coordinates on the chart and in the
FMS or GPS databases to ensure you are tracking on
your intended en route course. The AMOTT RNAV
waypoint includes bearing and distance from the
ANCHORAGE VORTAC. In an effort to simplify
the conversion to RNAV, some controlling agencies
Figure 3-36. Published RNAV Routes Replacing LF Airways.
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outside the U.S. have simply designated all conventional routes as RNAV routes at a certain flight
level.
RNAV MINIMUM EN ROUTE ALTITUDE
RNAV MEAs are depicted on some NACO IFR en
route charts, allowing both RNAV and non-RNAV
pilots to use the same chart for instrument navigation.
MINIMUM IFR ALTITUDE
The Minimum IFR altitude (MIA) for operations is
prescribed in Part 91. These MIAs are published on
NACO charts and prescribed in Part 95 for airways and
routes, and in Part 97 for standard instrument approach
procedures. If no applicable minimum altitude is prescribed in Parts 95 or 97, the following MIA applies: In
designated mountainous areas, 2,000 feet above the
highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4 NM
from the course to be flown; or other than mountainous
areas, 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within a
horizontal distance of 4 NM from the course to be
flown; or as otherwise authorized by the Administrator
or assigned by ATC. MIAs are not flight checked for
communication.
Figure 3-37. Published RNAV Jet Routes.
3-34
WAYPOINTS
Waypoints are specified geographical locations, or
fixes, used to define an RNAV route or the flight path
of an aircraft employing RNAV. Waypoints may be any
of the following types: predefined, published waypoints, floating waypoints, or user-defined waypoints.
Predefined, published waypoints are defined relative to
VOR-DME or VORTAC stations or, as with GPS, in
terms of latitude/longitude coordinates.
USER-DEFINED WAYPOINTS
Pilots typically create user-defined waypoints for use
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册下(78)
