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designated mountainous areas within the U.S. This altitude may not provide signal coverage from groundbased navigational aids, air traffic control radar, or
communications coverage.
Operations Specifications (OpsSpecs) – A published
document providing the conditions under which an air
carrier and operator for compensation or hire must
operate in order to retain approval from the FAA.
Pilot Briefing Information – The current format for
charted IAPs issued by NACO. The information is presented in a logical order facilitating pilot briefing of the
procedures. Charts include formatted information
required for quick pilot or flight crew reference located
at the top of the chart.
Point-in-Space (PinS) Approach – An approach normally developed to heliports that do not meet the IFR
heliport design standards but meet the standards for a
VFR heliport. A helicopter PinS approach can be developed using conventional NAVAIDs or RNAV systems.
These procedures have either a VFR or visual segment
between the MAP and the landing area. The procedure
will specify a course and distance from the MAP to the
heliport(s) and include a note to proceed VFR or visually from the MAP to the heliport, or conduct the
missed approach.
Positive Course Guidance (PCG) – A continuous display of navigational data that enables an aircraft to be
flown along a specific course line, e.g., radar vector,
RNAV, ground-based NAVAID.
Precision Runway Monitor (PRM) – Provides air
traffic controllers with high precision secondary surveillance data for aircraft on final approach to parallel
runways that have extended centerlines separated by
less than 4,300 feet. High resolution color monitoring
displays (FMA) are required to present surveillance
track data to controllers along with detailed maps
depicting approaches and a no transgression zone.
Preferential Departure Route (PDR) – A specific
departure route from an airport or terminal area to an en
route point where there is no further need for flow control. It may be included in an instrument Departure
Procedure (DP) or a Preferred IFR Route.
Preferred IFR Routes – A system of preferred IFR
routes guides you in planning your route of flight to
minimize route changes during the operational phase of
flight, and to aid in the efficient orderly management of
air traffic using federal airways.
C-12
Principal Operations Inspector (POI) – Scheduled
air carriers and operators for compensation or hire are
assigned a principal operations inspector (POI) who
works directly with the company and coordinates FAA
operating approval.
Record – See Database Record
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums (RVSM) –
RVSM airspace is where air traffic control separates
aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between
flight level (FL) 290 and FL 410 inclusive. RVSM airspace is special qualification airspace; the operator and
the aircraft used by the operator must be approved by
the Administrator. Air traffic control notifies operators
of RVSM by providing route planing information.
Reference Landing Speed (VREF) – The speed of the
airplane, in a specified landing configuration, at the
point where it descends through the 50-foot height in
the determination of the landing distance.
Remote Communications Outlet (RCO) – An
unmanned communications facility remotely controlled
by air traffic personnel. RCOs serve FSSs and may be
UHF or VHF. RCOs extend the communication range
of the air traffic facility. RCOs were established to provide ground-to-ground communications between air
traffic control specialists and pilots located at a satellite
airport for delivering en route clearances, issuing
departure authorizations, and acknowledging IFR cancellations or departure/landing times.
Reporting Point – A geographical location in relation
to which the position of an aircraft is reported. (See
Compulsory Reporting Points)
Required Navigation Performance (RNP) – RNP is a
statement of the navigation performance necessary for
operation within a defined airspace. On-board monitoring and alerting is required.
RNAV DP – A DP developed for RNAV-equipped aircraft whose ground track is based on satellite or
DME/DME navigation systems.
Roll-out RVR – The RVR readout values obtained
from sensors located nearest the rollout end of the runway.
Runway Heading – The magnetic direction that corresponds with the runway centerline extended, not the
painted runway numbers on the runway. Pilots cleared
to “fly or maintain runway heading” are expected to fly
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册下(186)
