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plus additional details such as taxiway identifiers, airport latitude and longitude, and building identification.
Airport diagrams are located in the U.S. Terminal
Procedures booklet following the instrument approach
charts for a particular airport.
Airport/Facility Directory (A/FD) – Regional booklets published by the National Aeronautical Charting
Office (NACO) that provide textual information about
all airports, both VFR and IFR. The A/FD includes runway length and width, runway surface, load bearing
capacity, runway slope, airport services, and hazards
such as birds and reduced visibility.
Airport Sketch – Depicts the runways and their length,
width, and slope, the touchdown zone elevation, the
lighting system installed on the end of the runway, and
taxiways. Airport sketches are located on the lower left
or right portion of the instrument approach chart.
Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) – A
facility established to provide air traffic control service
to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within controlled airspace and principally during the en route
phase of flight
Air Traffic Service (ATS) – Air traffic service is an
ICAO generic term meaning variously, flight information service, alerting service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service,
approach control service, or aerodrome control service).
Approach End of Runway (AER) – The first portion
of the runway available for landing. If the runway
threshold is displaced, use the displaced threshold latitude/longitude as the AER.
Approach Fix – From a database coding standpoint, an
approach fix is considered to be an identifiable point in
space from the intermediate fix (IF) inbound. A fix
located between the initial approach fix (IAF) and the
IF is considered to be associated with the approach
transition or feeder route.
Approach Gate –An imaginary point used by ATC to
vector aircraft to the final approach course. The
approach gate is established along the final approach
course 1 NM from the final approach fix (FAF) on the
side away from the airport and is located no closer than
5 NM from the landing threshold.
Area Navigation (RNAV) – A method of navigation
that permits aircraft operations on any desired course
within the coverage of station referenced navigation
signals or within the limits of self contained system
capability.
Automated Surface Observing System
(ASOS)/Automated Weather Sensor System (AWSS)
– The ASOS/AWSS is the primary surface weather
observing system of the U.S.
Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) – A
weather observing system that provides minute-byminute weather observations such as temperature, dew
point, wind, altimeter setting, visibility, sky condition,
and precipitation. Some ASOS stations include a precipitation discriminator which can differentiate between
liquid and frozen precipitation.
Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) – A
suite of sensors which measure, collect, and disseminate weather data. AWOS stations provide a minute-byminute update of weather parameters such as wind
speed and direction, temperature and dew point, visibility, cloud heights and types, precipitation, and barometric pressure. A variety of AWOS system types are
available (from AWOS 1 to AWOS 3), each of which
includes a different sensor array.
Automated Weather Sensor System (AWSS) – The
AWSS is part of the Aviation Surface Weather
Observation Network suite of programs and provides
pilots and other users with weather information through
the Automated Surface Observing System. The AWSS
sensor suite automatically collects, measures,
processes, and broadcasts surface weather data.
Automated Weather System – Any of the automated
weather sensor platforms that collect weather data at
airports and disseminate the weather information via
radio and/or landline. The systems currently consist of
the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS),
Automated Weather Sensor System (AWSS) and
Automated Weather Observation System (AWOS).
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-
B) – A surveillance system that continuously broadcasts GPS position information, aircraft identification,
C-7
uing to the destination airport in those conditions, may
deviate from the instrument approach procedure and
proceed to the destination airport by visual reference to
the surface. This approach will only be authorized
when requested by the pilot and the reported ground
visibility at the destination airport is at least one statute
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册下(180)
