曝光台 注意防骗
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allowing you to bypass the more distant originating
and intermediate fixes feeding into Las Vegas. You
request an RNAV random route clearance direct
MIRAJ to expedite your flight. Denver Center comes
back with the following amended flight plan and initial
clearance into Las Vegas:
Figure 3-35. Random RNAV Route.
3-31
“Marathon five sixty four, turn right heading two six
zero, descend and maintain one six thousand, cleared
present position direct MIRAJ.”
The latitude and longitude coordinates of your present
position on the high altitude chart are N36 19.10, and
W110 40.24 as you change your course. Notice your
GPS moving map (upper left) and the FMS control
display unit (below the GPS), and FMS map mode
navigation displays (to the right of the GPS) as you
reroute your flight to Las Vegas. For situational
awareness, you note that your altitude is well above
any of the OROCAs on your direct route as you arrive
in the Las Vegas area using the low altitude chart.
PUBLISHED RNAV ROUTES
Although RNAV systems allow you to select any number of routes that may or may not be published on a
chart, en route charts are still crucial and required for
RNAV flight. They assist you with both flight planning
and inflight navigation. NACO en route charts are very
helpful in the context of your RNAV flights. Published
RNAV routes are fixed, permanent routes that can be
flight planned and flown by aircraft with RNAV capability. These are being expanded worldwide as new
RNAV routes are developed, and existing charted,
conventional routes are being designated for RNAV
use. It is important to be alert to the rapidly changing
application of RNAV techniques being applied to conventional en route airways. Published RNAV routes may
potentially be found on any NACO en route chart. The
published RNAV route designation may be obvious, or,
on the other hand, RNAV route designations may be
less obvious, as in the case where a published route
shares a common flight track with a conventional airway. Note: Since the use of RNAV is dynamic and
rapidly changing, NACO en route charts are continuously being updated for information changes and you
may find some differences between charts.
According to the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO), who develops standard principles and techniques for international air navigation,
basic designators for air traffic service (ATS) routes
and their use in voice communications have been established in Annex 11. ATS is a generic ICAO term for
flight information service, alerting service, air traffic
advisory service, and air traffic control service. One of
the main purposes of a system of route designators is to
allow both pilots and ATC to make unambiguous reference to RNAV airways and routes. Many countries have
adopted ICAO recommendations with regard to ATS
route designations. Basic designators for ATS routes
consist of a maximum of five, and in no case exceed
six, alpha/numeric characters in order to be usable by
both ground and airborne automation systems. The designator indicates the type of the route such as high/low
altitude, specific airborne navigation equipment
requirements such as RNAV, and the aircraft type using
the route primarily and exclusively. The basic route
designator consists of one or two letter(s) followed by a
number from 1 to 999.
COMPOSITION OF DESIGNATORS
The prefix letters that pertain specifically to RNAV designations are included in the following list:
1. The basic designator consists of one letter of the
alphabet followed by a number from 1 to 999.
The letters may be:
a) A, B, G, R — for routes that form part of
the regional networks of ATS routes and are
not RNAV routes;
b) L, M, N, P — for RNAV routes that form
part of the regional networks of ATS routes;
c) H, J, V, W — for routes that do not form
part of the regional networks of ATS routes
and are not RNAV routes;
d) Q, T, Y, Z — for RNAV routes that do not
form part of the regional networks of ATS
routes.
2. Where applicable, one supplementary letter must
be added as a prefix to the basic designator as
follows:
a) K — to indicate a low level route established for use primarily by helicopters.
b) U — to indicate that the route or portion
thereof is established in the upper airspace;
c) S — to indicate a route established exclusively for use by supersonic airplanes
during acceleration/deceleration and
while in supersonic flight.
3. Where applicable, a supplementary letter may be
added after the basic designator of the ATS route
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册下(77)
