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for which an MEA is designated at which adequate
reception of navigation signals is assured.
Metering Fix – A fix along an established route over
which aircraft will be metered prior to entering terminal
airspace. Normally, this fix should be established at a
distance from the airport which will facilitate a profile
descent 10,000 feet above airport elevation (AAE) or
above.
Mid-RVR – The RVR readout values obtained from
sensors located midfield of the runway.
Mileage Break – A point on a route where the leg segment mileage ends, and a new leg segment mileage
begins, often at a route turning point.
Military Airspace Management System (MAMS) –
A Department of Defense system to collect and disseminate information on the current status of special use
airspace. This information is provided to the Special
Use Airspace Management System (SAMS). The electronic interface also provides SUA schedules and historical activation and utilization data.
Minimum Crossing Altitude (MCA) – An MCA is the
lowest altitude at certain fixes at which the aircraft
must cross when proceeding in the direction of a higher
minimum en route IFR altitude. MCAs are established
in all cases where obstacles intervene to prevent pilots
from maintaining obstacle clearance during a normal
climb to a higher MEA after passing a point beyond
which the higher MEA applies.
Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) – The lowest altitude, expressed in feet above mean sea level, to which
descent is authorized on final approach or during circleto-land maneuvering in execution of a standard instrument approach procedure where no electronic glide
slope is provided.
Minimum En Route Altitude (MEA) – The MEA is
the lowest published altitude between radio fixes that
assures acceptable navigational signal coverage and
meets obstacle clearance requirements between those
fixes. The MEA prescribed for a Federal airway or seg
C-11
Missed Approach Waypoint (MAWP) – An approach
waypoint sequenced during the missed approach procedure that is usually a fly-over waypoint, rather than a
fly-by waypoint.
National Airspace System (NAS) – Consists of a complex collection of facilities, systems, equipment, procedures, and airports operated by thousands of people to
provide a safe and efficient flying environment.
Navigational Gap – A navigational course guidance
gap, referred to as an MEA gap, describes a distance
along an airway or route segment where a gap in navigational signal coverage exists. The navigational gap
may not exceed a specific distance that varies directly
with altitude.
Nondirectional Radio Beacon (NDB) – An L/MF or
UHF radio beacon transmitting nondirectional signals
whereby the pilot of an aircraft equipped with direction
finding equipment can determine bearing to or from the
radio beacon and “home” on or track to or from the station. When the radio beacon is installed in conjunction
with the ILS marker, it is normally called a compass
locator.
Non-RNAV DP – A DP whose ground track is based
on ground-based NAVAIDS and/or dead reckoning navigation.
Obstacle Clearance Surface (OCS) – An inclined or
level surface associated with a defined area for obstruction evaluation.
Obstacle Departure Procedure (ODP) – A procedure
that provides obstacle clearance. ODPs do not include
ATC related climb requirements. In fact, the primary
emphasis of ODP design is to use the least onerous
route of flight to the en route structure while attempting
to accommodate typical departure routes.
Obstacle Identification Surface (OIS) – The design of
a departure procedure is based on TERPS, a living document that is updated frequently. Departure design criteria assumes an initial climb of 200 feet per NM after
crossing the departure end of the runway (DER) at a
height of at least 35 feet above the ground. Assuming a
200 feet per NM climb, the departure is structured to
provide at least 48 feet per NM of clearance above
objects that do not penetrate the obstacle slope. The
slope, known as the obstacle identification slope (OIS),
is based on a 40 to 1 ratio, which is the equivalent of a
152-foot per NM slope.
Off-Airway Routes – The FAA prescribes altitudes
governing the operation of aircraft under IFR for offairway routes in a similar manner to those on federal
airways, jet routes, area navigation low or high altitude
routes, and other direct routes for which an MEA is
designated.
Off-Route Obstruction Clearance Altitude
(OROCA) – An off-route altitude that provides
obstruction clearance with a 1,000 foot buffer in nonmountainous terrain areas and a 2,000 foot buffer in
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Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)仪表程序手册下(185)
