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phase includes several topics. On the hardware side, moving from commercial to more
experimental solutions and integration of suitable audio/video components for improving
intra-team communication and exchange of information in a collaborative environment.
Concerning the clothing, the “maintenance jacket” will be improved as well in terms of
both structure and materials used for its realization.
Concerning information management and presentation, extension of the multimedia,
standard-compliant, traceable and adaptable representation of task relevant contents will be
explored. Further research is foreseen on information presentations metaphors and
approaches (e.g. virtual/augmented reality, use of Geographic Information Systems for
representing the aircraft, advanced/multidimensional navigation of information, innovative
indexing and quick access, etc.). Related to this, tighter integration of speech-based
interaction both for informative contents and graphical user interface navigation need to be
achieved. Two different level of integration are foreseen and will be further investigated:
interaction is specifically handled by the browser/procedure/application and advanced
speech recognition as a general alternative to pen/mouse/keyboard inputs handled by the
operating system independently of any specific application.
Three different approaches for context awareness will be further investigated:
infrastructure configuration (e.g. geo-localisation), task tracking and tool-set tracking. From
the social computing perspective, critical issues will be identified based on the early
findings. The focus will be on data collection, e.g. through additional interviews and
observations at future prototype tests. This will allow deepening the analysis of social
computing issues based on additional data.
IFAWC2006 March 15-16, Mobile Research Center, TZI Universität Bremen, Germany
8. Conclusions
In the future working scenario fostered by both EADS-CCR and the end users, the
maintenance operators will be equipped with a Maintenance Jacket, with integrated
wearable technologies in it, both early in the training phase and during the daily activities.
The wearable computer will be equipped with suitable input devices, which register
measurements taken during the maintenance procedures and allows the user interacting
with the system, and displays. The expected main benefits of using the proposed
Maintenance Jacket, the related input/output devices and an advanced content management
and presentation system are:
• Improving the capabilities of workers by also reducing the learning curve slope
• Better management of the company know-how and information pool
• Extend the ability of the workers to handle and relate various situations
• Time reduction for execution of the maintenance procedures
• Improvement of the quality levels, reduction of errors and increase of security of
aircrafts
• Maintenance cost reduction and increase of competitiveness.
9. Acknowledgments
The research described in this paper has been carried out by a group of international
partners in the framework of the WearIT@Work project, which is funded by the European
Commission in the FP 6, “Application and services for the mobile user and worker”
strategic objective, under the contract N° 004216. Special thanks goes to partners in the
Maintenance UCD Team jointly coordinated by GIUNTI Interactive Labs and EADS-CCR:
University of Bremen, Multitel ASBL, BIBA - Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology
and Applied Work Science, MSG - Mobile Solution Group, Carl Zeiss, Grado Zero Espace,
Edna Pasher PhD. & Associates, NTT DoCoMo Euro-Labs. Our gratitude to the
maintenance personnel at EADS Sogerma in Bordeaux for their helpfulness and support
during the Workplace Studies described in the paper.
10. References
1. Tummolini L., Lorenzon, A., Bo, G., Vaccaro, R.: iTutor: A Wireless and Multimodal Support to
Industrial Maintenance Activities, Proc. Mobile HCI 2002, pp. 302-305
2. Siewiorek, D.P., Smailagic, A., Bass, L., Martin, D., Siegel, J., Bennington, B.: Adtranz: A
Mobile Computing System for Maintenance and Collaboration, Proc. Second IEEE International
Conference on Wearable Computers, Pittsburgh, PA, Oct 1998, pp. 25-32.
3. Ockerman, J. and Pritchett A.: Preliminary Investigation of Wearable Computers for Task
Guidance in Aircraft Inspection, Proc. Second IEEE International Conference on Wearable
Computers, Pittsburgh, PA, Oct 1998, pp. 33-40.
4. Robertson, S., Robertson, J.: Mastering the Requirements Process, Addison-Wesley (1999). See
www.volere.co.uk.
5. Bo, G.: Web services and XML for supporting new m-learning experiences. Design of an
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