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ensure that these characteristics have not been modified and signal any defects encountered
in the course of the flight. Only those persons having an essential function that is associated
with the flight check may be present on board10.
7 EU-OPS 1.175
8 EU-OPS 1.1045
9 Civil Aviation Rules Part 43.103
10 Civil Aviation Rules Part 91.613
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Air New Zealand Operations Manual
According to the Air New Zealand “Fleet Procedures Manual”, “operational flight checks” are
carried out:
According to the Maintenance Manual, when ground checks do not make it possible to
establish that the flight characteristics and operation of the airplane have not been modified
following repair, adjustment or replacement of systems or equipment;
after the change of both engines on a twin-engine airplane ;
to allow an airplane to undertake ETOPS flights;
to perform additional operational checks on the airplane or systems, upon request from a
senior person from Air New Zealand;
before acceptance or delivery of an airplane, in the context of a lease or purchase, to
determine that the airplane meets specifications agreed between the supplier/recipient
and Air New Zealand.
The Air New Zealand “Fleet Procedures Manual” thus defines three types of “operational
flight checks”:
operational flight checks to establish serviceability for ETOPS flights;
operational flight checks to confirm the operational status of the airplane after some
maintenance procedures. These flights may be undertaken by line crews;
operational flight checks when the airplane is to be flown using anything other than its
normal operating procedures.
This third type of operational flight check, mandatory before the acceptance or delivery of an
airplane in the context of a lease or a purchase, can only be undertaken by specifically
approved flight crew. When the flight check schedule includes manoeuvres or procedures
that do not correspond to the normal operation of the airplane, the flight is performed during
daytime. The Operations Manual specifies that the Captain performing the flight must ensure
that the flight programme and procedures are complied with and the flight is conducted
safely. He must also check before the flight that appropriate airspace is available to perform
the flight. In order to ensure that the objective and conditions associated with this type of
flight are clearly understood, the crew receives a full briefing on the flight schedule.
1.17.6 Crew training
The crew had not received any specific training for this type of flight. The Air New Zealand
pilot had undertaken two simulator training sessions following the programme described in by
the OFC document.
1.17.7 Flight plans for specific flights in IFR
Flights in IFR with specific characteristics (technical type, aerial photography, sports event
coverage …) that take place under the responsibility of the regional ATC centres (CRNA)
have an impact on the workload and capacity of these organisations. In the context of air
traffic management, it is specified in the AIP France (ENR 19-19) that this type of flight must
be the subject of a request to the Operations Directorate of the DSNA, with three working
days notice being provided. Without any advance agreement, the flight can have real-time
limitations imposed on it or possibly be refused if the circumstances require.
The XL Airways Germany operations centre did not make any special request when it filed
the flight plan the Wednesday 26 November. To define the nature of the flight, it had
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indicated FERRY TRNG FLIGHT in box 18 (other information) on the flight plan.
1.18 Additional Information
1.18.1 Witness statements
1.18.1.1 XL Airways Germany maintenance technician
A maintenance technician from XL Airways Germany who was in charge of coordination with
EAS on the maintenance operations stated that the XL Airways pilots arrived at around 11 h
00 from Montpellier. The representatives of Air New Zealand arrived at the end of the
morning. When he went into the cockpit, shortly before the departure, the pilots from XL
Airways Germany were seated at the controls, the New Zealand pilot was on the centre seat
and a mechanic from Air New Zealand was on the jump seat. The other people were
standing in the cabin. The airplane took off a short time after he left it.
As far as he knew, the flight was supposed to include a local flight then an instrument
approach and touch-and-go, before a departure for Frankfurt/Main.
The crew and the pilot from Air New Zealand had had a meeting for about an hour in a room
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