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B Bravo - . . . O Oscar - - - 2 Two . . - - -
C Charli-e . - . P Papa . - - . 3 Three. . . - -
D Delta - . . Q Quebec- - . - 4 Four . . . . -
E Echo . R Romeo . - . 5 Five . . . . .
F Foxtrot- . S Sierra . . . 6 Six - . . . .
G Golf - - . T Tango - 7 Seven- - . . .
H Hotel. . . . U Uniform. . - 8 Eight- - - . .
I India . . V Victor. . . - 9 Nin-er- - - - .
J Juliet. - - - W Whiske.y - - 0 Zero - - - - -
K Kilo - . - X X-Ray - . . -
L Lima . - . . Y Yankee- . - -
M Mike - - Z Zulu - - . .
Pronunciation of Figures
Figures indicating hundreds and thousands are pronounced as follows:
· 500 is FIVE HUNDRED
· 5,000 is FIVE THOUSAND
· 4,500 is FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED
· 10,000 is ONE ZERO THOUSAND
· 12,600 is ONE TWO THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED
Victor airway numbers such as V12 are pronounced as “VICTOR TWELVE”.
When reciting other number combinations pronounce each digit. For 10, say “ONE ZERO”.
Altitudes are pronounced as ONE ZERO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED. Altitudes at and above 18,000
feet are called FLIGHT LEVELS, such as FL180, ( Flight level One Eight Zero), FL230 (Flight Level
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Two Three Zero), FL 390, etc.
Magnetic Headings are pronounced as:
- Magnetic Course 005° pronounced as “Zero Zero Five”
-True Course 050° as “Zero Five Zero True”
- Magnetic Bearing 256° as “Two Five Six”
- Magnetic Heading 125° as “One Two Five”
- Wind Direction and Velocity 220° at 35kt as “Two Two Zero at Three Five”
Note: Wind direction is given by ATC (Towers etc.) in Magnetic Direction.
Wind given in Weather reports, forecasts, etc. is True Direction
Speeds such as 125 kts. are pronounced as One Two Five Knots”. In communications where speed is
implicit, such as a controller instruction to increase speed to 150 kts., the controller may omit the word
“Knots”; i.e. may use the term “increase speed to 150”.
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
In aviation terminology, time is related to the time at the Zero Meridian, which runs North/South through
Greenwich, England. It was formerly called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). The current terminology is
Coordinated Universal Time (abbreviated UTC). When speaking time, pilots and FAA personnel refer to
UTC time as ZULU time. The time 1345Z would be pronounces as “One Three Four Five Zulu”.
To convert US time zones to UTC time, add the following hour values.
Local to UTC Time Conversion
Local Standard Time add Local Daylight Time add
EST CST MST PST EDT CDT MDT PST
+ 5 hr + 6 hr + 7 hr + 8 hr + 4 hr + 5 hr + 6 hr + 7 hr
To convert from ZULU time back to US time zones, subtract the number of hours shown.
In addition, time is expressed in Military Time (24 hour time).
Examples:
0000 is pronounced Zero Zero Zero Zero ( midnight)
0925 is pronounced Zero Niner Two Five (9:25 a.m.)
1830 is pronounced One Eight Three Zero (6:30 p.m.)
Initial Call-Up Terminology
At your initial call-up, you generally use the following format:
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· Who you are calling
· Who are you
· Where are you
· What you want to do or are doing.
Examples :
1. New York Approach, Bonanza Two Three Six Seven Yankee , Over
When calling Approach Control, or other ATC facilities, monitor how busy the controller is. If calling at
an active time, simply state the ATC name, your identification, ending with the word OVER. This term
means you are requesting the called party to respond.If the controller does not appear busy, and your
message is short, you can state the entire message on initial call-up You could have also given your
position and altitude. This shortens the total conversation time by initially providing the comtroller more
information. Judgement is required here. If the controller cannot respond to your call immediately, their
response will be “aircraft calling New York, stand by” or with “Bonanza Three Six Seven Yankee, stand
by”.
Note that the controller does NOT say OVER, as no communication by the pilot is required until
requested by the controller. The controller has recognized you and will come back as soon as possible.
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